Rompolski, Krista
(2012)
THE EFFECT OF A 12-MONTH WEIGHT LOSS INTERVENTION ON VITAMIN D
STATUS IN SEVERELY OBESE CAUCASIANS AND AFRICAN AMERICAN ADULTS.
Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh.
(Unpublished)
This is the latest version of this item.
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is a potential risk factor for several chronic conditions, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes and immune disorders. Several studies have found an association between Vitamin D deficiency and obesity, yet it is unclear whether Vitamin D contributes to obesity, or obesity itself causes Vitamin D deficiency. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between obesity and Vitamin D status and to examine the effects of weight loss and physical activity on Vitamin D status in severely obese Caucasians and African Americans. 50 class II and class III obese women participated in a 12-month diet and exercise intervention. Vitamin D status was examined at baseline, 6 and 12 months to determine the relationship between Vitamin D and weight loss, fat loss, race and physical activity. At baseline, both the Class I and Class III obese subjects were considered Vitamin D insufficient (20-30 ng/mL). The Class II subjects were considered deficient (<20 ng/mL). The normal weight subjects were classified as sufficient (>30 ng/mL). Caucasians in the Class I and III obese groups had significantly higher Vitamin D than African Americans. Vitamin D increased significantly following 6 months of weight loss. There was no significant relationship between change in Vitamin D and change in body weight or body fat. Vitamin D decreased at 12 months despite a period of weight maintenance yet remained significantly greater than baseline. Meal replacement shakes containing Vitamin D were taken twice per day from baseline to 6 months and once per day from 6-12 months, contributing to the increase in Vitamin D at 6 months and 12 months. Throughout the intervention, Vitamin D status was significantly greater in Caucasians than African Americans. There was no relationship between Vitamin D status and physical activity at 6 or 12 months. The results of this study confirm that Vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency is related to degree of adiposity and is more prevalent in African Americans than Caucasians. Moreover, a dietary weight loss intervention significantly increased Vitamin D in severely obese women, indicating that lower Vitamin D in obesity is amenable to weight loss intervention.
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Details
| Item Type: |
University of Pittsburgh ETD
|
| Status: |
Unpublished |
| Creators/Authors: |
|
| ETD Committee: |
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| Date: |
12 January 2012 |
| Date Type: |
Publication |
| Defense Date: |
26 September 2011 |
| Approval Date: |
12 January 2012 |
| Submission Date: |
15 November 2011 |
| Access Restriction: |
No restriction; Release the ETD for access worldwide immediately. |
| Number of Pages: |
65 |
| Institution: |
University of Pittsburgh |
| Schools and Programs: |
School of Education > Health and Physical Activity |
| Degree: |
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy |
| Thesis Type: |
Doctoral Dissertation |
| Refereed: |
Yes |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: |
obesity, Vitamin D deficiency, weight loss |
| Date Deposited: |
12 Jan 2012 14:18 |
| Last Modified: |
15 Nov 2016 13:55 |
| URI: |
http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/10583 |
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