Tomedi, Laura
(2012)
Maternal Obesity, Nutritional Status and Hyperglycemia.
Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh.
(Unpublished)
Abstract
Maternal hyperglycemia is a common condition with a profound effect on prenatal and maternal health. We used two complementing cohorts to estimate the associations between: 1) gestational weight gain (GWG), adiposity distribution, and maternal hyperglycemia; 2) pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and an array of maternal nutritional biomarkers; and 3) maternal vitamin D status and maternal hyperglycemia. In the Study of Nutrition and Pregnancy (SNAP), biceps and triceps skinfolds and waist circumference were measured at <13 weeks gestation and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations were measured at <16 weeks gestation. Serial weight measurements and post-load glucose concentrations were abstracted from medical records. Because a full array of nutritional biomarkers was not available in SNAP, we also used the Antidepressant Use During Pregnancy (ADUP) study. In ADUP, height and nutritional biomarkers were measured and pre-pregnancy weight was self-reported at ≤ 20 weeks gestation. In the SNAP study, each 0.3-kg/week increase in first trimester GWG rate was associated with a 2.2 (95% CI: 0.1, 4.3)-mg/dl increase in glucose concentration and each 8.6-mm increase in biceps skinfold thickness and 11.7-mm increase in triceps skinfold thickness was associated with a 4.3 (95% CI: 0.2, 8.5)-mg/dl increases in glucose. In the ADUP study, principal component analysis of the biomarkers resulted in an EFA component, a Micronutrient component, and a Carotenoid component. Obese pregnant women were 3.0 (95% CI: 1.1, 7.7) times as likely of being in the lowest tertile of the EFA component and 4.5 (95% CI: 1.7, 12.3) times as likely of being in the lowest tertile of the Carotenoid component as their lean counterparts. Among non-smokers in SNAP, each 21-nmol/L increase in serum 25(OH)D was associated with a 4.1 (95% CI: 0.9, 7.2)-mg/dl increase in maternal post-load glucose concentration. Among smokers, each 21-nmol/L increase in serum 25(OH)D was associated with a 7.3-(95% CI: 11.4, 3.1) mg/dl decrease in maternal post-load glucose concentration after confounder adjustment. This dissertation is important to public health because hyperglycemia has a major impact on the health of mothers and infants and these data may lead to nutritional interventions that are safe, inexpensive, and acceptable to women.
Share
| Citation/Export: |
|
| Social Networking: |
|
Details
| Item Type: |
University of Pittsburgh ETD
|
| Status: |
Unpublished |
| Creators/Authors: |
|
| ETD Committee: |
|
| Date: |
30 January 2012 |
| Date Type: |
Completion |
| Defense Date: |
27 September 2011 |
| Approval Date: |
30 January 2012 |
| Submission Date: |
29 November 2011 |
| Access Restriction: |
5 year -- Restrict access to University of Pittsburgh for a period of 5 years. |
| Number of Pages: |
133 |
| Institution: |
University of Pittsburgh |
| Schools and Programs: |
School of Public Health > Epidemiology |
| Degree: |
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy |
| Thesis Type: |
Doctoral Dissertation |
| Refereed: |
Yes |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: |
gestational diabetes, obesity, nutrition, maternal hyperglycemia, pregnancy |
| Date Deposited: |
30 Jan 2012 19:27 |
| Last Modified: |
30 Jan 2017 06:15 |
| URI: |
http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/10588 |
Metrics
Monthly Views for the past 3 years
Plum Analytics
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |
![[feed]](/images/feed-icon-32x32.png){kind=icon}