Early myeloid dendritic cell dysregulation is predictive of disease progression in simian immunodeficiency virus infection

Wijewardana, V and Soloff, AC and Liu, X and Brown, KN and Barratt-Boyes, SM (2010) Early myeloid dendritic cell dysregulation is predictive of disease progression in simian immunodeficiency virus infection. PLoS Pathogens, 6 (12). ISSN 1553-7366

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Abstract

Myeloid dendritic cells (mDC) are lost from blood in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection but the mechanism for this loss and its relationship to disease progression are not known. We studied the mDC response in blood and lymph nodes of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected rhesus macaques with different disease outcomes. Early changes in blood mDC number were inversely correlated with virus load and reflective of eventual disease outcome, as animals with stable infection that remained disease-free for more than one year had average increases in blood mDC of 200% over preinfection levels at virus set-point, whereas animals that progressed rapidly to AIDS had significant loss of mDC at this time. Short term antiretroviral therapy (ART) transiently reversed mDC loss in progressor animals, whereas discontinuation of ART resulted in a 3.5-fold increase in mDC over preinfection levels only in stable animals, approaching 10- fold in some cases. Progressive SIV infection was associated with increased CCR7 expression on blood mDC and an 8-fold increase in expression of CCL19 mRNA in lymph nodes, consistent with increased mDC recruitment. Paradoxically, lymph node mDC did not accumulate in progressive infection but rather died from caspase-8-dependent apoptosis that was reduced by ART, indicating that increased recruitment is offset by increased death. Lymph node mDC from both stable and progressor animals remained responsive to exogenous stimulation with a TLR7/8 agonist. These data suggest that mDC are mobilized in SIV infection but that an increase in the CCR7-CCL19 chemokine axis associated with high virus burden in progressive infection promotes exodus of activated mDC from blood into lymph nodes where they die from apoptosis. We suggest that inflamed lymph nodes serve as a sink for mDC through recruitment, activation and death that contributes to AIDS pathogenesis.

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Details

Item Type:	Article
Status:	Published
Creators/Authors:	Creators Email Pitt Username ORCID Wijewardana, V Soloff, AC Liu, X Brown, KN Barratt-Boyes, SM
Contributors:	Contribution Contributors Name Email Pitt Username ORCID Editor Lifson, Jeffrey UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
Centers:	Other Centers, Institutes, Offices, or Units > Center for Vaccine Research
Date:	1 December 2010
Date Type:	Publication
Journal or Publication Title:	PLoS Pathogens
Volume:	6
Number:	12
DOI or Unique Handle:	10.1371/journal.ppat.1001235
Schools and Programs:	School of Medicine > Immunology School of Medicine > Infectious Diseases and Microbiology
Refereed:	Yes
ISSN:	1553-7366
MeSH Headings:	Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome--etiology; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome--pathology; Animals; Cell Movement; Dendritic Cells--pathology; Disease Progression; Haplorhini; Humans; Lymph Nodes--pathology; Predictive Value of Tests; Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome--pathology; Time Factors
Other ID:	NLM PMC3009592
PubMed Central ID:	PMC3009592
PubMed ID:	21203477
Date Deposited:	25 Aug 2012 16:40
Last Modified:	02 Feb 2019 15:55
URI:	http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/13668

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