Burden of Total and Cause-Specific Mortality Related to Tobacco Smoking among Adults Aged ≥45 Years in Asia: A Pooled Analysis of 21 Cohorts
Zheng, W and McLerran, DF and Rolland, BA and Fu, Z and Boffetta, P and He, J and Gupta, PC and Ramadas, K and Tsugane, S and Irie, F and Tamakoshi, A and Gao, YT and Koh, WP and Shu, XO and Ozasa, K and Nishino, Y and Tsuji, I and Tanaka, H and Chen, CJ and Yuan, JM and Ahn, YO and Yoo, KY and Ahsan, H and Pan, WH and Qiao, YL and Gu, D and Pednekar, MS and Sauvaget, C and Sawada, N and Sairenchi, T and Yang, G and Wang, R and Xiang, YB and Ohishi, W and Kakizaki, M and Watanabe, T and Oze, I and You, SL and Sugawara, Y and Butler, LM and Kim, DH and Park, SK and Parvez, F and Chuang, SY and Fan, JH and Shen, CY and Chen, Y and Grant, EJ and Lee, JE and Sinha, R and Matsuo, K and Thornquist, M and Inoue, M and Feng, Z and Kang, D and Potter, JD
(2014)
Burden of Total and Cause-Specific Mortality Related to Tobacco Smoking among Adults Aged ≥45 Years in Asia: A Pooled Analysis of 21 Cohorts.
PLoS Medicine, 11 (4).
ISSN 1549-1277
Abstract
Background:Tobacco smoking is a major risk factor for many diseases. We sought to quantify the burden of tobacco-smoking-related deaths in Asia, in parts of which men's smoking prevalence is among the world's highest.Methods and Findings:We performed pooled analyses of data from 1,049,929 participants in 21 cohorts in Asia to quantify the risks of total and cause-specific mortality associated with tobacco smoking using adjusted hazard ratios and their 95% confidence intervals. We then estimated smoking-related deaths among adults aged ≥45 y in 2004 in Bangladesh, India, mainland China, Japan, Republic of Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan-accounting for ∼71% of Asia's total population. An approximately 1.44-fold (95% CI = 1.37-1.51) and 1.48-fold (1.38-1.58) elevated risk of death from any cause was found in male and female ever-smokers, respectively. In 2004, active tobacco smoking accounted for approximately 15.8% (95% CI = 14.3%-17.2%) and 3.3% (2.6%-4.0%) of deaths, respectively, in men and women aged ≥45 y in the seven countries/regions combined, with a total number of estimated deaths of ∼1,575,500 (95% CI = 1,398,000-1,744,700). Among men, approximately 11.4%, 30.5%, and 19.8% of deaths due to cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and respiratory diseases, respectively, were attributable to tobacco smoking. Corresponding proportions for East Asian women were 3.7%, 4.6%, and 1.7%, respectively. The strongest association with tobacco smoking was found for lung cancer: A 3- to 4-fold elevated risk, accounting for 60.5% and 16.7% of lung cancer deaths, respectively, in Asian men and East Asian women aged ≥45 y.Conclusions:Tobacco smoking is associated with a substantially elevated risk of mortality, accounting for approximately 2 million deaths in adults aged ≥45 y throughout Asia in 2004. It is likely that smoking-related deaths in Asia will continue to rise over the next few decades if no effective smoking control programs are implemented.Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary. © 2014 Zheng et al.
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Article
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Published |
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Creators | Email | Pitt Username | ORCID  |
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Zheng, W | | | | McLerran, DF | | | | Rolland, BA | | | | Fu, Z | | | | Boffetta, P | | | | He, J | | | | Gupta, PC | | | | Ramadas, K | | | | Tsugane, S | | | | Irie, F | | | | Tamakoshi, A | | | | Gao, YT | | | | Koh, WP | | | | Shu, XO | | | | Ozasa, K | | | | Nishino, Y | | | | Tsuji, I | | | | Tanaka, H | | | | Chen, CJ | | | | Yuan, JM | yuanj@pitt.edu | YUANJ | | Ahn, YO | | | | Yoo, KY | | | | Ahsan, H | | | | Pan, WH | | | | Qiao, YL | | | | Gu, D | | | | Pednekar, MS | | | | Sauvaget, C | | | | Sawada, N | | | | Sairenchi, T | | | | Yang, G | | | | Wang, R | rew59@pitt.edu | REW59 | | Xiang, YB | | | | Ohishi, W | | | | Kakizaki, M | | | | Watanabe, T | | | | Oze, I | | | | You, SL | | | | Sugawara, Y | | | | Butler, LM | butlerl3@pitt.edu | BUTLERL3 | | Kim, DH | | | | Park, SK | | | | Parvez, F | | | | Chuang, SY | | | | Fan, JH | | | | Shen, CY | | | | Chen, Y | | | | Grant, EJ | | | | Lee, JE | | | | Sinha, R | | | | Matsuo, K | | | | Thornquist, M | | | | Inoue, M | | | | Feng, Z | | | | Kang, D | | | | Potter, JD | | | |
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Contributors: |
Contribution | Contributors Name | Email | Pitt Username | ORCID  |
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Editor | Novotny, Thomas E. | UNSPECIFIED | UNSPECIFIED | UNSPECIFIED |
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Date: |
1 January 2014 |
Date Type: |
Publication |
Journal or Publication Title: |
PLoS Medicine |
Volume: |
11 |
Number: |
4 |
DOI or Unique Handle: |
10.1371/journal.pmed.1001631 |
Schools and Programs: |
School of Public Health > Epidemiology |
Refereed: |
Yes |
ISSN: |
1549-1277 |
Date Deposited: |
02 Jul 2014 21:33 |
Last Modified: |
02 Feb 2019 16:56 |
URI: |
http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/22194 |
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