Reigniting tobacco ritual: waterpipe tobacco smoking establishment culture in the United States

Carroll, MV and Chang, J and Sidani, JE and Barnett, TE and Soule, E and Balbach, E and Primack, BA (2014) Reigniting tobacco ritual: waterpipe tobacco smoking establishment culture in the United States. Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 16 (12). 1549 - 1558.

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Abstract

© The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. INTRODUCTION: Waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) is an increasingly prevalent form of tobacco use in the United States. Its appeal may stem from its social, ritualistic, and aesthetic nature. Our aim in this study was to understand WTS as a social ritual with the goal of informing prevention efforts.METHODS: We conducted a covert observational study consisting of 38 observation sessions in 11 WTS establishments in 3 U.S. cities. Data collection was based on an established conceptual framework describing ritualistic elements of tobacco use. Iterative codebook development and qualitative thematic synthesis were used to analyze data.RESULTS: Atmospheres ranged from quiet coffee shop to boisterous bar party environments. While some children and older adults were present, the majority of clientele were young adults. Men and women were evenly represented. However, there were 19 occurrences of a male smoking by himself, but no women smoked alone. The vast majority (94%) of the clientele were actively smoking waterpipes. All 83 observed groups manifested at least 1 of the ritual elements of our conceptual framework, while 41 of the 83 observed groups (49%) demonstrated all 4 ritual elements.CONCLUSIONS: Despite its heterogeneity, WTS is often characterized by 1 or more established elements of a tobacco-related social ritual. It may be valuable for clinical and public health interventions to acknowledge and address the ritualistic elements and social function of WTS.

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Details

Item Type:	Article
Status:	Published
Creators/Authors:	Creators Email Pitt Username ORCID Carroll, MV Chang, J jcc61@pitt.edu JCC61 Sidani, JE jaime.sidani@pitt.edu JES107 Barnett, TE Soule, E Balbach, E Primack, BA bprimack@pitt.edu BPRIMACK
Centers:	Other Centers, Institutes, Offices, or Units > Center for Research on Media, Technology, and Health
Date:	1 December 2014
Date Type:	Publication
Journal or Publication Title:	Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
Volume:	16
Number:	12
Page Range:	1549 - 1558
DOI or Unique Handle:	10.1093/ntr/ntu101
Schools and Programs:	School of Medicine > Medicine School of Medicine > Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences School of Medicine > Pediatrics
Refereed:	Yes
PubMed ID:	24972889
Date Deposited:	31 Jul 2014 20:33
Last Modified:	30 Oct 2018 13:58
URI:	http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/22579

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