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Metabolism In Vitro of the Microtubule Perturbagens: Ceratamines A and B

Smith, Sara E (2014) Metabolism In Vitro of the Microtubule Perturbagens: Ceratamines A and B. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

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Abstract

Ceratamines A and B are heterocyclic alkaloids isolated from a Pseudoceratina sp. marine sponge. These natural products behave as antimitotic agents by targeting microtubules, specifically through a stabilization mechanism. Their identification led to the discovery of a novel class of structurally simple microtubule stabilizers, with implications in the treatment of cancer and perhaps tauopathies, including Alzheimer’s disease. To date, no pre-clinical studies of the ceratamines have been reported. Therefore, I determined the phase I metabolism of each compound in vitro. Ceratamine A is rapidly metabolized into nine phase I metabolites by rat liver microsomes, while ceratamine B only yielded five metabolites. The majority of these metabolites were formed as a result of N- and O-dealkylations. While the metabolites formed from both compounds were similar when incubated with human liver microsomes, the major metabolites were not the same as those from rat liver microsomes. The aminoimidazole is the most metabolically labile site in rat liver microsomes, however the dibrominated aromatic moiety is the preferred site for metabolism in human liver microsomes. A metabolic stability assay revealed that both compounds have a high estimated clearance in rat liver microsomes, but they appear to be more stable in human liver microsomes. Ceratamine B was estimated to have a moderate clearance, while ceratamine A was found to have a low clearance. Finally, isozyme mapping and small molecule inhibition studies revealed that the specific P450 isoforms responsible for the formation of two major metabolites of ceratamine B in human liver microsomes is CYP3A4/5.


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Details

Item Type: University of Pittsburgh ETD
Status: Unpublished
Creators/Authors:
CreatorsEmailPitt UsernameORCID
Smith, Sara Eses132@pitt.eduSES132
ETD Committee:
TitleMemberEmail AddressPitt UsernameORCID
Committee ChairWeber, Stephen Gsweber@pitt.eduSWEBER
Committee MemberPoloyac, Samuel Mpoloyac@pitt.eduPOLOYAC
Committee MemberRobinson, Rena A Srena@pitt.eduRENA
Committee MemberLiu, Xinyuxinyuliu@pitt.eduXINYULIU
Date: 25 September 2014
Date Type: Publication
Defense Date: 30 July 2014
Approval Date: 25 September 2014
Submission Date: 8 August 2014
Access Restriction: No restriction; Release the ETD for access worldwide immediately.
Number of Pages: 117
Institution: University of Pittsburgh
Schools and Programs: Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences > Chemistry
Degree: PhD - Doctor of Philosophy
Thesis Type: Doctoral Dissertation
Refereed: Yes
Uncontrolled Keywords: analytical chemistry; drug discovery; mass spectrometry; structure elucidation; in vitro metabolism; anticancer agents
Date Deposited: 25 Sep 2014 14:23
Last Modified: 15 Nov 2016 14:22
URI: http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/22634

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