Litman, DJ and Rosé, CP and Forbes-Riley, K and VanLehn, K and Bhembe, D and Silliman, S
(2006)
Spoken versus typed human and computer dialogue Tutoring.
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 16 (2).
145 - 170.
ISSN 1560-4292
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Abstract
While human tutors typically interact with students using spoken dialogue, most computer dialogue tutors are text-based. We have conducted two experiments comparing typed and spoken tutoring dialogues, one in a human-human scenario, and another in a human-computer scenario. In both experiments, we compared spoken versus typed tutoring for learning gains and time on task, and also measured the correlations of learning gains with dialogue features. Our main results are that changing the modality from text to speech caused changes in the learning gains, time and superficial dialogue characteristics of human tutoring, but for computer tutoring it made less difference. © 2006 - IOS Press and t he authors.
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