Rabies Management

Wu, Jasmin (2014) Rabies Management. Master Essay, University of Pittsburgh.

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Abstract

Rabies is of great public health importance because it is almost universally fatal without timely intervention. Approximately over 60,000 people die from rabies each year. Canine rabies accounts for over 90% of human rabies cases worldwide and disproportionately affects the poorest population in Asia and Africa. The disability-adjusted life years due to rabies is estimated to be 1.9 million. The economic burden of rabies is US$ 6 billion globally. Rabies is often misdiagnosed due to limitation in ante-mortem diagnosis and the clinical signs often resemble encephalitis. Cost of rabies biologics is often a huge barrier to treatment for many in the developing countries. Canine rabies can be eliminated as demonstrated in North America and Western Europe. An integrative approach combining veterinary and human health services with commitment from local governments and support from international agencies is required for elimination to be successful and sustainable. In regions where canine rabies has been eliminated, continuing surveillance and maintaining adequate vaccine coverage are imperative to prevent re-emergence of canine rabies. In the U.S. where wildlife is the main reservoir for rabies, it is crucial to prevent spill over infection from wildlife into domestic animals. The Allegheny County Health Department in Western Pennsylvania processed 367 domestic animals during 2012, which accounts for more than half of all the animals submitted. The analysis to better understand the high number of domestic animals and to assess the reason for each domestic animal submission was done. The findings showed that key pieces of information that determine the need for rabies testing are often missing. An exposure date is often not reported and information on the vaccine status of the animal that is critical for monitoring vaccine failure is also lacking. Furthermore, the majority of the submission did not report the animal’s health status, which determines the need for quarantine and rabies testing. Accurate and complete information is essential for effective management and monitoring. Updating the existing submission form may increase the quality and the quantity of information collected for each submission.

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Details

Item Type:	Other Thesis, Dissertation, or Long Paper (Master Essay)
Status:	Unpublished
Creators/Authors:	Creators Email Pitt Username ORCID Wu, Jasmin
Contributors:	Contribution Contributors Name Email Pitt Username ORCID Committee Chair Finegold, David N dnf@pitt.edu DNF UNSPECIFIED Committee Member Voorhees, Ronald rev12@pitt.edu REV12 UNSPECIFIED Committee Member van Panhuis, Willem G. wav10@pitt.edu WAV10 UNSPECIFIED
Date:	December 2014
Date Type:	Publication
Access Restriction:	No restriction; Release the ETD for access worldwide immediately.
Publisher:	University of Pittsburgh
Institution:	University of Pittsburgh
Schools and Programs:	School of Public Health > Multidisciplinary MPH
Degree:	MPH - Master of Public Health
Thesis Type:	Master Essay
Refereed:	Yes
Date Deposited:	17 Aug 2015 16:09
Last Modified:	04 Jul 2023 11:56
URI:	http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/23928

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