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The Contribution of Network Organization and Integration to the Development of Cognitive Control

Marek, S and Hwang, K and Foran, W and Hallquist, MN and Luna, B (2015) The Contribution of Network Organization and Integration to the Development of Cognitive Control. PLoS Biology, 13 (12). ISSN 1544-9173

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Abstract

Cognitive control, which continues to mature throughout adolescence, is supported by the ability for well-defined organized brain networks to flexibly integrate information. However, the development of intrinsic brain network organization and its relationship to observed improvements in cognitive control are not well understood. In the present study, we used resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI), graph theory, the antisaccade task, and rigorous head motion control to characterize and relate developmental changes in network organization, connectivity strength, and integration to inhibitory control development. Subjects were 192 10–26-y-olds who were imaged during 5 min of rest. In contrast to initial studies, our results indicate that network organization is stable throughout adolescence. However, cross-network integration, predominantly of the cingulo-opercular/salience network, increased with age. Importantly, this increased integration of the cingulo-opercular/salience network significantly moderated the robust effect of age on the latency to initiate a correct inhibitory control response. These results provide compelling evidence that the transition to adult-level inhibitory control is dependent upon the refinement and strengthening of integration between specialized networks. Our findings support a novel, two-stage model of neural development, in which networks stabilize prior to adolescence and subsequently increase their integration to support the cross-domain incorporation of information processing critical for mature cognitive control.


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Details

Item Type: Article
Status: Published
Creators/Authors:
CreatorsEmailPitt UsernameORCID
Marek, Ssam263@pitt.eduSAM263
Hwang, K
Foran, W
Hallquist, MNmnh15@pitt.eduMNH15
Luna, Bluna@pitt.eduLUNA0000-0002-9929-2458
Contributors:
ContributionContributors NameEmailPitt UsernameORCID
EditorPosner, MichaelUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Date: 29 December 2015
Date Type: Publication
Access Restriction: No restriction; Release the ETD for access worldwide immediately.
Journal or Publication Title: PLoS Biology
Volume: 13
Number: 12
DOI or Unique Handle: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002328
Institution: University of Pittsburgh
Schools and Programs: Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences > Neuroscience
Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences > Psychology
School of Medicine > Psychiatry
Refereed: Yes
ISSN: 1544-9173
Date Deposited: 25 Jul 2016 14:46
Last Modified: 27 Sep 2023 14:55
URI: http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/28582

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