Yan, Aidong
(2018)
Fiber Optic Sensors for Energy Applications under Harsh Environmental Conditions.
Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh.
(Unpublished)
This is the latest version of this item.
Abstract
Real-time monitoring physical and chemical parameters in next generation energy-production system is of significant importance to improve the efficiency and reduce the emission for a wide range of applications. Traditional electrical point sensors have limited utilities for direct measurements at high temperature or in highly reactive and corrosive environment. Given the resilience at high temperatures, immunity to electromagnetic interference and intrinsic explosion proof in combustion gas, fiber optic sensors open up opportunity to perform various measurements in energy applications under harsh environments.
In this thesis, both chemical and physical sensors were demonstrated to explore the potential of fiber optic sensors in energy industry. The first scheme is fiber optic chemical gas sensing enabled by nanostructured functional metal oxides. A scalable manufacturing approach was developed to produce nano-porous metal oxides with the refractive index tailored to match the optical fiber material. Combined with this functional semiconducting metal oxides, fiber optic chemical sensors with high selectivity and sensitivity was developed using both D-shaped fiber and single crystal sapphire fiber. The sensors performed accurate hydrogen measurement at a record-high temperature of 800 deg C. The second scheme covers a high temperature distributed sensing using Rayleigh backscatter based optical frequency domain reflectometry. Ultrafast laser direct writing method was used to enhance the in-fiber scattering signal and high-temperature stability. Due to the high signal-to-noise ratio and thermal stability of the inscribed nanogratings in the fiber, real-time monitoring of temperature distribution in the operational solid oxide fuel cell was achieved with 5-mm spatial resolution at 800 deg C. In the third scheme, a multi-point sensing system for thermal dynamics monitoring of lithium-ion battery assembly was demonstrated using multimode random air hole fibers infiltrated with quantum dots. The photoluminescence intensity dependence on the ambient temperatures were used to gauge the local operational temperature of lithium-ion batteries. Multi-point temperature sensing systems were developed by bundling quantum dots infiltrated random air hole fibers together. The temperature of the batteries can be real-time monitored using a low-cost UV diode laser as light source and a cellular phone CCD camera as detector.
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Details
| Item Type: |
University of Pittsburgh ETD
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| Status: |
Unpublished |
| Creators/Authors: |
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| ETD Committee: |
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| Date: |
17 April 2018 |
| Date Type: |
Publication |
| Defense Date: |
6 October 2017 |
| Approval Date: |
17 April 2018 |
| Submission Date: |
9 October 2017 |
| Access Restriction: |
1 year -- Restrict access to University of Pittsburgh for a period of 1 year. |
| Number of Pages: |
132 |
| Institution: |
University of Pittsburgh |
| Schools and Programs: |
Swanson School of Engineering > Electrical and Computer Engineering |
| Degree: |
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy |
| Thesis Type: |
Doctoral Dissertation |
| Refereed: |
Yes |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: |
fiber optic sensor, energy, high-temperature, chemical gas sensing, distributed measurement, Rayleigh scattering, quantum dots |
| Date Deposited: |
17 Apr 2019 05:00 |
| Last Modified: |
17 Apr 2019 05:15 |
| URI: |
http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/33254 |
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Fiber Optic Sensors for Energy Applications under Harsh Environmental Conditions. (deposited 17 Apr 2019 05:00)
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