Chen, Siting
(2019)
Predictors of weight loss following an intentional weight loss intervention and long-term weight maintenance in overweight and obese young adults.
Master Essay, University of Pittsburgh.
Abstract
Introduction: Obesity, a major global health concern, predisposes individuals to several comorbidities including coronary heart disease and diabetes. Although weight loss can be achieved through diet and exercise interventions, many individuals regain the weight. The aim of this study was to determine whether psychological and behavioral factors affect weight loss and long-term weight loss maintenance trajectories.
Methods: Participants from the Slow the Adverse Vascular Effects of excess weight (SAVE) study, a 12-month, randomized trial of a weight loss and sodium reduction intervention, eligible for a 60-month follow-up visit were contacted. This group of 108 participants was categorized into two outcome groups relative to baseline weight: weight loss group (n=56) and weight gain group (n=52). Depressive symptoms, stress, anger, sleep, self-efficacy, physical activity and diet were measured at baseline and following the intervention and compared between the 2 groups. Linear mixed model analyses were conducted to 1) assess relationships between psychosocial or behavioral factors and weight reduction during the intervention period (baseline to 12-month) and 2) identify predictors of weight maintenance post intervention (12-month to 60-month).
Results: The study group (N = 108) was predominantly female (74.1%) with a median age of 39.8 (35.4, 44.5) years. The average weight at baseline was 90.6 ± 14.0 kg and the median BMI was 32.0 kg/m2. Better sleep quality after adjustment for demographics, diet and physical activity (p<0.01) was associated with more weight loss during the intervention. Lower scores on the Beck Depression Inventory (p=0.04) and higher exercise self-efficacy (p=0.03) independently predicted better weight maintenance during the post intervention period adjusting for age, gender, race, income and education.
Conclusion: Psychological and behavioral factors impacted the pattern of weight loss and weight maintenance during and after the intervention. Better sleep quality may predict greater weight loss and lower levels of depressive symptoms and higher exercise self-efficacy may be associated with better long-term weight maintenance in overweight and obese young adults. These findings illustrate the importance of a more tailored weight maintenance program focusing on psychological and behavioral factors to achieve successful weight loss and long-term weight maintenance, reducing the public health burden of obesity.
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Details
| Item Type: |
Other Thesis, Dissertation, or Long Paper
(Master Essay)
|
| Status: |
Unpublished |
| Creators/Authors: |
|
| Contributors: |
| Contribution | Contributors Name | Email | Pitt Username | ORCID  |
|---|
| Committee Chair | Barinas-Mitchell, Emma | barinas@edc.pitt.edu | UNSPECIFIED | UNSPECIFIED | | Committee Member | Brooks, Maria | MBROOKS@pitt.edu | UNSPECIFIED | UNSPECIFIED | | Committee Member | Burke, Lora | lbu100@pitt.edu | UNSPECIFIED | UNSPECIFIED |
|
| Date: |
19 April 2019 |
| Date Type: |
Submission |
| Number of Pages: |
34 |
| Institution: |
University of Pittsburgh |
| Schools and Programs: |
School of Public Health > Epidemiology |
| Degree: |
MPH - Master of Public Health |
| Thesis Type: |
Master Essay |
| Refereed: |
Yes |
| Date Deposited: |
04 Oct 2019 20:04 |
| Last Modified: |
01 May 2022 05:15 |
| URI: |
http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/36342 |
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