The Association between Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Exposure and Health Outcomes in Older United States Adults

Tahtamooni, Omar (2021) The Association between Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Exposure and Health Outcomes in Older United States Adults. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

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Abstract

Background:The association between air pollutants, such as particulate matters (PM) and ozone (O3), and the risk of cognitive impairment and hypertension among different age groups was deeply investigated. However, limited studies have examined the association between specific components of air pollutants, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) with cognitive performance (CP) risk and hypertension (HTN) among older adults.
Objectives of the current study were to examine the association between urinary PAH biomarkers and both of CP and HTN in older adults, as well as to determine if the associations between PAH and CP scores and HTN differs by individual socioeconomic status and ethnicity.

Methods: Data from 2011-2014 the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were used to examine the relationship between urinary PAH metabolites and CP and HTN, after adjusting for different covariates. Data analysis included over 3000 NHANES participants, aged 60 years and older.

Results: A significant negative association was found between PAH exposure and CP (p<0.001). For each increase in one unit in log-transformed PAH metabolite levels, all cognitive tests were lower in almost all models. There was a significant association between urinary 1-hydroxynaphthalene relative to race and HTN in older adults. Each increase in one unit in log-transformed urinary 1-hydroxynaphthalene level was associated with greater odds of developing HTN for all race groups.
Conclusion: Higher exposures to PAH were associated with lower CP among males, Blacks, Hispanics, individuals with lower education, lower income, and smokers. The higher urinary concentration of 1-hydroxynaphthalene in HTN relative to race was among Blacks comparing to other ethnic groups. Black individuals with different urinary 1-hydroxynaphthalene biomarker concentrations had the highest probability of developing HTN compared to other racial groups.

Public Health Impact: PAH exposures are a significant public health concern that affects many countries and cause tremendous negative health outcomes. The effects of PAH not only increase the risk of metabolic syndromes and cardiovascular disease, but may also cause mental health problems that may affect ethnic groups differently. Thus, recognizing the impact of PAH exposure will provide evidence for possible new interventions to combat and mitigate air pollution resources.

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Details

Item Type:	University of Pittsburgh ETD
Status:	Unpublished
Creators/Authors:	Creators Email Pitt Username ORCID Tahtamooni, Omar ott2@pitt.edu ott2
ETD Committee:	Title Member Email Address Pitt Username ORCID Committee Chair Barchowsky, Aaron aab20@pitt.edu aab20 Committee Member Albert, Steven smalbert@pitt.edu smalbert Committee Member Pitt, Bruce brucep@pitt.edu brucep Committee Member Deslouches, Berthony tdesl19@pitt.edu tdesl19 Committee Member Hyder, Ayaz hyder.22@osu.edu
Date:	31 August 2021
Date Type:	Publication
Defense Date:	11 August 2021
Approval Date:	31 August 2021
Submission Date:	23 August 2021
Access Restriction:	No restriction; Release the ETD for access worldwide immediately.
Number of Pages:	157
Institution:	University of Pittsburgh
Schools and Programs:	School of Public Health > Environmental and Occupational Health
Degree:	PhD - Doctor of Philosophy
Thesis Type:	Doctoral Dissertation
Refereed:	Yes
Uncontrolled Keywords:	polycyclic, aromatic, hydrocarbons, hypertension, exposure
Date Deposited:	31 Aug 2021 15:14
Last Modified:	31 Aug 2021 15:14
URI:	http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/41712

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