Daly, Emma
(2023)
Does Stroke Affect Upper Esophageal Sphincter Distention?
Master's Thesis, University of Pittsburgh.
(Unpublished)
Abstract
Swallowing is a complex process that takes place using various muscles and cranial nerves across three phases: the oral phase, the pharyngeal phase, and the esophageal phase. For the pharyngeal phase to end and the esophageal phase to begin, the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) needs to open and allow the bolus to clear. Should muscle or nerve damage occur, for example during a stroke, the safety and efficiency of swallowing may be impaired. This disruption could happen for any phase of the swallow, and different signs and changes to physiology during the swallow may be visualized during a modified barium swallow study (MBSS). The goal of this study was to provide insight into what effect stroke has on UES distention. In this study, MBSS videos were labeled in order to measure UES distention (UESD) for individuals swallowing small- volume (i.e., approximately 5mL) liquid boluses. The population under investigation for this study were individuals post-stroke. The UESD values from the cohort of post-stroke individuals were compared to UESD values of an age-matched, healthy, control group of individuals. A comparison of UESD between these two groups was completed to describe changes in UESD following stroke. Results of this comparison indicated that there was no significant difference in UESD between healthy individuals and individuals post-stroke. Furthermore, the UESD of individuals post-stroke was slightly larger than their age-matched healthy cohorts. There are a number of factors which may account for these results, including bolus size, participant ages, the small sample size, and the presence of a nasogastric (NG) tube in some post-stroke participants. Clinically, this information can be used to help inform disorder diagnosis and treatment.
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Details
| Item Type: |
University of Pittsburgh ETD
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| Status: |
Unpublished |
| Creators/Authors: |
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| ETD Committee: |
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| Date: |
6 June 2023 |
| Date Type: |
Publication |
| Defense Date: |
24 February 2023 |
| Approval Date: |
6 June 2023 |
| Submission Date: |
24 March 2023 |
| Access Restriction: |
No restriction; Release the ETD for access worldwide immediately. |
| Number of Pages: |
36 |
| Institution: |
University of Pittsburgh |
| Schools and Programs: |
School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences > Communication Science and Disorders |
| Degree: |
MS - Master of Science |
| Thesis Type: |
Master's Thesis |
| Refereed: |
Yes |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: |
upper esophageal sphincter distention, stroke, dysphagia |
| Date Deposited: |
06 Jun 2023 13:51 |
| Last Modified: |
06 Jun 2023 13:51 |
| URI: |
http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/44325 |
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