Wei, Nuo
(2024)
Assessing the Impact of Metal and PFAS Exposure on Chronic Kidney Disease: An NHANES Data Analysis.
Master's Thesis, University of Pittsburgh.
(Unpublished)
Abstract
Chronic exposure to nephrotoxic substances is a public health concern, as these agents can significantly impair renal function, leading to chronic kidney disease (CKD), a condition characterized by a gradual loss of kidney function over time. The goal of this study was to explore whether exposure to certain metals (lead, cadmium, arsenic) and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) was associated with CKD.
To analyze the association between single and mixed metal and/or PFAS exposures with CKD (n=983) in a nationally representative U.S. population, we utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) collected between 2011 and 2016 in which CKD was defined by estimated glomerular rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73m2. Single contaminant survey-weighted models were applied to enhance generalizability to the broader U.S. population. To assess mixture effects, we applied Weighted Quantile Sum (WQS) to assess the contributions of metals and PFAS jointly.
In individual metal models, urinary lead and cadmium were inversely associated with the presence of CKD. In contrast, arsenic, PFOA, and PFOS did not show a significant association with CKD odds. Lead and cadmium were linked to a reduced likelihood of CKD. Age and hypertension were significant covariates, with increased age and the presence of hypertension correlating with higher odds of CKD. The WQS model found that a combined mixture of contaminants was associated with increased eGFR. WQS analysis further identified cadmium and lead as top contributors to the mixture's association with higher continuous eGFR.
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Details
| Item Type: |
University of Pittsburgh ETD
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| Status: |
Unpublished |
| Creators/Authors: |
|
| ETD Committee: |
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| Date: |
16 May 2024 |
| Date Type: |
Publication |
| Defense Date: |
26 April 2024 |
| Approval Date: |
16 May 2024 |
| Submission Date: |
25 April 2024 |
| Access Restriction: |
No restriction; Release the ETD for access worldwide immediately. |
| Number of Pages: |
76 |
| Institution: |
University of Pittsburgh |
| Schools and Programs: |
School of Public Health > Biostatistics |
| Degree: |
MS - Master of Science |
| Thesis Type: |
Master's Thesis |
| Refereed: |
Yes |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: |
Metal, PFAS, Chronic Kidney Disease |
| Date Deposited: |
16 May 2024 19:36 |
| Last Modified: |
16 May 2024 19:36 |
| URI: |
http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/46326 |
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