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Phase Space Analysis and Classification of Sonar Echoes in Shallow-Water Channels

Okopal, Greg (2009) Phase Space Analysis and Classification of Sonar Echoes in Shallow-Water Channels. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

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Abstract

A primary objective of active sonar systems is to detect, locate, and classify objects, such as mines, ships, and biologics, based on their sonar backscatter. A shallow-water ocean channel is a challenging environment in which to classify sonar echoes because interactions of the sonar signal with the ocean surface and bottom induce frequency-dependent changes (especially dispersion and damping) in the signal as it propagates, the effects of which typically grow with range. Accordingly, the observed signal depends not only on the initial target backscatter, but also the propagation channel and how far the signal has propagated. These propagation effects can increase the variability of observed target echoes and degrade classification performance. Furthermore, uncertainty of the exact propagation channel and random variations within a channel cause classification features extracted from the received sonar echo to behave as random variables.With the goal of improving sonar signal classification in shallow-water environments, this work develops a phase space framework for studying sound propagation in channels with dispersion and damping. This approach leads to new moment features for classification that are invariant to dispersion and damping, the utility of which is demonstrated via simulation. In addition, the accuracy of a previously developed phase space approximation method for range-independent pulse propagation is analyzed and shown to be greater than the accuracy of the standard stationary phase approximation for both large and small times/distances. The phase space approximation is also extended to range dependent propagation. Finally, the phase space approximation is used to investigate the random nature of moment features for classification by calculating the moments of the moment features under uncertain and random channel assumptions. These moments of the moment features are used to estimate probability distribution functions for the moment features, and we explore several ways in which this information may be used to improve sonar classification performance.


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Details

Item Type: University of Pittsburgh ETD
Status: Unpublished
Creators/Authors:
CreatorsEmailPitt UsernameORCID
Okopal, Greggno1@pitt.eduGNO1
ETD Committee:
TitleMemberEmail AddressPitt UsernameORCID
Committee ChairLoughlin, Patrickloughlin@pitt.eduLOUGHLIN
Committee MemberEl-Jaroudi, Amroamro@ee.pitt.eduAMRO
Committee MemberPitton, Jamespitton@apl.washington.edu
Committee MemberBoston, Robertbbn@pitt.eduBBN
Committee MemberMao, Zhi-Hongmaozh@engr.pitt.eduZHM4
Date: 25 September 2009
Date Type: Completion
Defense Date: 29 June 2009
Approval Date: 25 September 2009
Submission Date: 8 July 2009
Access Restriction: No restriction; Release the ETD for access worldwide immediately.
Institution: University of Pittsburgh
Schools and Programs: Swanson School of Engineering > Electrical Engineering
Degree: PhD - Doctor of Philosophy
Thesis Type: Doctoral Dissertation
Refereed: Yes
Uncontrolled Keywords: sonar; Wigner distribution; classification; signal processing
Other ID: http://etd.library.pitt.edu/ETD/available/etd-07082009-162053/, etd-07082009-162053
Date Deposited: 10 Nov 2011 19:50
Last Modified: 15 Nov 2016 13:45
URI: http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/8308

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