Parzynski, Craig S
(2011)
Generalized Linear Mixed Modeling to Examine the Relationship Between Self Efficacy and Smoking Cessation.
Master's Thesis, University of Pittsburgh.
(Unpublished)
Abstract
The relationship between self efficacy and smoking cessation is unclear. Self efficacy is often viewed as a causal antecedent for future abstinence from smoking, a primary outcome of cessation studies. However, recent research has questioned whether the participant's report of self efficacy is a reflection on previous abstinence success or failure rather than a precursor. To elucidate the dynamic relationship between self efficacy and abstinence status, two generalized linear mixed models were developed. The first examined the ability of self efficacy to predict next day's' abstinence, while the second examined the ability of abstinence to predict self efficacy ratings taken later that same day. All data came from a 2 x 2 crossover trial examining how interest to quit smoking and monetary reinforcement for abstinence affect the short term effects of medication on abstinence from smoking. Participants received both medication and placebo conditions in consecutive phases in a counter-balanced order, with an ad lib smoking washout period in between. Abstinence from smoking and self efficacy was recorded daily during both medication phases. Participants were 124 smokers, mean age 31.1(SE: 1.0), who smoked on average 16.3 (SE: 0.5) cigarettes per day and had a mean FTND score of 4.6 (SE: 0.1). The sample was comprised of 56.5% females. Results indicate that self efficacy is both a predictor of, and a reflection on abstinence status. Models were validated using bootstrapping procedures. These procedures revealed only a small amount of bias in the models. The effects observed in this study may be constrained by the timing of assessments as well as the duration of the cessation attempt. Public Health Importance: Tobacco use accounts for 443,000 deaths each year. Therefore, the development of successful clinical assessments to monitor smoking cessation efforts is of the utmost importance. Self efficacy is a measure of confidence to quit smoking. This study shows that the relationship between self efficacy and smoking cessation is bi-directional which may be influenced by the timing of assessments. Understanding this relationship may lead to more successful use of self efficacy as a clinical tool during smoking cessation attempts.
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Details
| Item Type: |
University of Pittsburgh ETD
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| Status: |
Unpublished |
| Creators/Authors: |
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| ETD Committee: |
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| Date: |
23 September 2011 |
| Date Type: |
Completion |
| Defense Date: |
14 July 2011 |
| Approval Date: |
23 September 2011 |
| Submission Date: |
26 July 2011 |
| Access Restriction: |
No restriction; Release the ETD for access worldwide immediately. |
| Institution: |
University of Pittsburgh |
| Schools and Programs: |
School of Public Health > Biostatistics |
| Degree: |
MS - Master of Science |
| Thesis Type: |
Master's Thesis |
| Refereed: |
Yes |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: |
generalized linear mixed models; nicotine; self efficacy; smoking cessation |
| Other ID: |
http://etd.library.pitt.edu/ETD/available/etd-07262011-123110/, etd-07262011-123110 |
| Date Deposited: |
10 Nov 2011 19:54 |
| Last Modified: |
19 Dec 2016 14:36 |
| URI: |
http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/8639 |
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