Link to the University of Pittsburgh Homepage
Link to the University Library System Homepage Link to the Contact Us Form

Generalized Linear Mixed Modeling to Examine the Relationship Between Self Efficacy and Smoking Cessation

Parzynski, Craig S (2011) Generalized Linear Mixed Modeling to Examine the Relationship Between Self Efficacy and Smoking Cessation. Master's Thesis, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

[img]
Preview
PDF
Primary Text

Download (1MB) | Preview

Abstract

The relationship between self efficacy and smoking cessation is unclear. Self efficacy is often viewed as a causal antecedent for future abstinence from smoking, a primary outcome of cessation studies. However, recent research has questioned whether the participant's report of self efficacy is a reflection on previous abstinence success or failure rather than a precursor. To elucidate the dynamic relationship between self efficacy and abstinence status, two generalized linear mixed models were developed. The first examined the ability of self efficacy to predict next day's' abstinence, while the second examined the ability of abstinence to predict self efficacy ratings taken later that same day. All data came from a 2 x 2 crossover trial examining how interest to quit smoking and monetary reinforcement for abstinence affect the short term effects of medication on abstinence from smoking. Participants received both medication and placebo conditions in consecutive phases in a counter-balanced order, with an ad lib smoking washout period in between. Abstinence from smoking and self efficacy was recorded daily during both medication phases. Participants were 124 smokers, mean age 31.1(SE: 1.0), who smoked on average 16.3 (SE: 0.5) cigarettes per day and had a mean FTND score of 4.6 (SE: 0.1). The sample was comprised of 56.5% females. Results indicate that self efficacy is both a predictor of, and a reflection on abstinence status. Models were validated using bootstrapping procedures. These procedures revealed only a small amount of bias in the models. The effects observed in this study may be constrained by the timing of assessments as well as the duration of the cessation attempt. Public Health Importance: Tobacco use accounts for 443,000 deaths each year. Therefore, the development of successful clinical assessments to monitor smoking cessation efforts is of the utmost importance. Self efficacy is a measure of confidence to quit smoking. This study shows that the relationship between self efficacy and smoking cessation is bi-directional which may be influenced by the timing of assessments. Understanding this relationship may lead to more successful use of self efficacy as a clinical tool during smoking cessation attempts.


Share

Citation/Export:
Social Networking:
Share |

Details

Item Type: University of Pittsburgh ETD
Status: Unpublished
Creators/Authors:
CreatorsEmailPitt UsernameORCID
Parzynski, Craig Scsparz4@gmail.com
ETD Committee:
TitleMemberEmail AddressPitt UsernameORCID
Committee ChairRedmond, Carol K.ckr3@pitt.eduCKR3
Committee MemberYouk, Ada O.ayouk@pitt.eduAYOUK
Committee MemberConklin, Cynthia A.conkca@upmc.edu
Committee MemberPerkins, Kenneth A.perkinska@upmc.eduKPERKINS
Date: 23 September 2011
Date Type: Completion
Defense Date: 14 July 2011
Approval Date: 23 September 2011
Submission Date: 26 July 2011
Access Restriction: No restriction; Release the ETD for access worldwide immediately.
Institution: University of Pittsburgh
Schools and Programs: School of Public Health > Biostatistics
Degree: MS - Master of Science
Thesis Type: Master's Thesis
Refereed: Yes
Uncontrolled Keywords: generalized linear mixed models; nicotine; self efficacy; smoking cessation
Other ID: http://etd.library.pitt.edu/ETD/available/etd-07262011-123110/, etd-07262011-123110
Date Deposited: 10 Nov 2011 19:54
Last Modified: 19 Dec 2016 14:36
URI: http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/8639

Metrics

Monthly Views for the past 3 years

Plum Analytics


Actions (login required)

View Item View Item