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UNPACKING COGNITIVE BENEFITS OF DISTRIBUTED COMPLEX VISUAL DISPLAYS FOR EXPERT AND NOVICE SCIENTISTS

Jang, Jooyoung (2013) UNPACKING COGNITIVE BENEFITS OF DISTRIBUTED COMPLEX VISUAL DISPLAYS FOR EXPERT AND NOVICE SCIENTISTS. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

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Abstract

The current research focuses on the advantages and disadvantages of two common types of spatially different organizations of information (i.e., spatially stacked vs. distributed) and their impact on science problem solving. The research is based on the premise that we must better understand the spatial organization of information from the perspective of cognitive performance and expertise theories to further our theoretical understanding and provide a practical guide for using and developing effective information visualizations. A new theoretical decomposition and matched analytic technique using eye-tracking is introduced, and is used to tease apart interactions with expertise. Seventy novice scientists and 38 experts participated in the study. They solved a data interpretation problem using either a distributed or a stacked display. Overall, novices took longer to solve the problem when they work with a distributed display than with a stacked display, and eye-tracking data suggests the effect is due to information overload and data management time. By contrast, experts showed a reverse trend (i.e., faster problem solving with distributed displays), being better able to manage complex information. As for the underlying mechanism, three factors (i.e., information internalization, information access, and information externalization costs) were examined and found critical to explain the effect. Both groups showed trade offs among the three factors as an adaptive behavior for effectively balancing the information access costs.


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Details

Item Type: University of Pittsburgh ETD
Status: Unpublished
Creators/Authors:
CreatorsEmailPitt UsernameORCID
Jang, Jooyoungjoj15@pitt.eduJOJ15
ETD Committee:
TitleMemberEmail AddressPitt UsernameORCID
Committee ChairSchunn, Christianschunn@pitt.eduSCHUNN
Committee MemberNokes-Malach, Timothy J.nokes@pitt.eduNOKES
Committee MemberHirtle, Stephen C.hirtle@pitt.eduHIRTLE
Committee MemberTrafton, J. Gregorygreg.trafton@nrl.navy.mil
Date: 30 June 2013
Date Type: Publication
Defense Date: 11 March 2013
Approval Date: 30 June 2013
Submission Date: 1 April 2013
Access Restriction: No restriction; Release the ETD for access worldwide immediately.
Number of Pages: 138
Institution: University of Pittsburgh
Schools and Programs: Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences > Psychology
Degree: PhD - Doctor of Philosophy
Thesis Type: Doctoral Dissertation
Refereed: Yes
Uncontrolled Keywords: Information Display, Information Access Cost, Cognitive Load Theory, Proximity Compatibility Theory, Expertise Reversal Effect
Date Deposited: 30 Jun 2013 22:45
Last Modified: 15 Nov 2016 14:11
URI: http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/18206

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  • UNPACKING COGNITIVE BENEFITS OF DISTRIBUTED COMPLEX VISUAL DISPLAYS FOR EXPERT AND NOVICE SCIENTISTS. (deposited 30 Jun 2013 22:45) [Currently Displayed]

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