Deldin, Anthony
(2013)
Effects of sex and race on the changes in intrahepatic lipid, total and visceral adipose tissue in response to exercise training in obese adolescents.
Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh.
(Unpublished)
Abstract
BACKGROUD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver is the most frequent liver abnormality observed in obese children and adolescents. It is has yet to be determined whether sex and race plays a role in the effect of regular exercise without calorie restriction on intrahepatic lipid and regional adiposity in obese adolescent males and females.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of sex and race after a 3-month regular exercise regimen alone without calorie restriction on intrahepatic lipid (IHL) and regional adiposity in overweight adolescent males and females. More specifically, we examined the influences of sex and race on the changes in total (TAT) and visceral fat (VAT) and IHL in response to aerobic (AE) versus resistance (RE) exercise in obese adolescents using data published previously.
STUDY DESIGN & METHODS: Thirty-one adolescent boys and twenty-eight overweight adolescent females (BMI ≥ 95th percentile, 12-18 years, Tanner stage III-V) were randomly assigned to either: AE (n = 29, 60 min/session, 3 days/week) or RE (n = 30, 60 min/session, 3 days/week). Outcome measurements included IHL by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and TAT and VAT assessed by MRI. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and muscular strength was also assessed.
RESULTS: No significant sex differences were seen between obese adolescent males and females for IHL, TAT and VAT after 3 months of exercise regardless of modality. There were no significant race differences between obese black and white adolescents for TAT. White adolescents (Δ -1.46 ± 0.2%) lost significantly more IHL than black adolescents (Δ -0.22 ± 0.1%) after 3 months of exercise regardless of modality. Improvement in CRF was not significantly different in the AE group compared to the RE group. Muscle strength index score significantly increased in the RE (Δ 0.33 ± 0.02) group compared to the AE group (Δ 0.04 ± 0.02).
CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that 3 months of AE versus RE exercise will improve body composition and fitness measurements consistently, with no influence of sex, between obese black and white adolescent males and females. Our observations suggest that regular exercise alone is an effective treatment strategy for the treatment of obesity in overweight black and white adolescents.
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Details
| Item Type: |
University of Pittsburgh ETD
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| Status: |
Unpublished |
| Creators/Authors: |
|
| ETD Committee: |
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| Date: |
30 August 2013 |
| Date Type: |
Publication |
| Defense Date: |
2 August 2013 |
| Approval Date: |
30 August 2013 |
| Submission Date: |
13 August 2013 |
| Access Restriction: |
No restriction; Release the ETD for access worldwide immediately. |
| Number of Pages: |
101 |
| Institution: |
University of Pittsburgh |
| Schools and Programs: |
School of Education > Health and Physical Activity |
| Degree: |
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy |
| Thesis Type: |
Doctoral Dissertation |
| Refereed: |
Yes |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: |
Liver Fat, Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver, Children, Resistance Exercise, Aerobic Exercise, Body Fat |
| Date Deposited: |
30 Aug 2013 18:51 |
| Last Modified: |
19 Dec 2016 14:41 |
| URI: |
http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/19631 |
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