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The Role of HSV-1 Protein ICP22 in Transcription

Fox, Hannah (2019) The Role of HSV-1 Protein ICP22 in Transcription. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

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Abstract

Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) productively replicates in epithelial cells before establishing a life-long infection in sensory neurons. During productive infection, HSV-1 alters cellular processes and hijacks many cellular proteins to aid in viral replication. Viral gene transcription requires cellular RNA polymerase II (RNA pol II) and is highly regulated. The viral Immediate Early (IE) proteins ICP4, ICP0, ICP27, and ICP22 have all been recognized to play roles in regulating viral transcription. To clarify the role of ICP22 in transcription regulation, we defined its interactions with cellular transcription factors and its effects on both viral and cellular gene transcription. We determined that: i) the FACT complex, a cellular transcription elongation factor, did not associate with viral DNA in the absence of ICP22; ii) in the absence of ICP22, viral transcription decreases and RNA pol II does not efficiently proceed from viral promoters to gene bodies; iii) ICP22 directly interacts with the FACT complex and other cellular factors involved in transcription; and iv) ICP22 is required for the efficient repression of cellular gene transcription.
Our studies suggest a role for ICP22 in regulating transcription in cells infected with HSV-1. We propose that ICP22 recruits cellular factors necessary for efficient transcript elongation to viral genomes. Furthermore, the ability of ICP22 to recruit these factors supports a mechanism through which HSV-1 limits cellular transcription while encouraging robust viral transcription. ICP22 is therefore integral to the efficient production of infectious virus and the sustained evasion of host immune responses.


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Details

Item Type: University of Pittsburgh ETD
Status: Unpublished
Creators/Authors:
CreatorsEmailPitt UsernameORCID
Fox, Hannahfox.hannahl@gmail.comhaf33
ETD Committee:
TitleMemberEmail AddressPitt UsernameORCID
Committee ChairDeLuca, Nealndeluca@pitt.edu
Date: 28 January 2019
Date Type: Publication
Defense Date: 2 November 2018
Approval Date: 28 January 2019
Submission Date: 13 December 2018
Access Restriction: No restriction; Release the ETD for access worldwide immediately.
Number of Pages: 142
Institution: University of Pittsburgh
Schools and Programs: School of Medicine > Molecular Virology and Microbiology
Degree: PhD - Doctor of Philosophy
Thesis Type: Doctoral Dissertation
Refereed: Yes
Uncontrolled Keywords: ICP22, HSV-1, Viral Transcription Regulation
Date Deposited: 28 Jan 2019 18:00
Last Modified: 28 Jan 2019 18:00
URI: http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/35934

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