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Optogenetic assessment of VIP, PV, SOM, and NOS inhibitory neuron activity and cerebral blood flow regulation in mouse somato-sensory cortex

Krawchuk, Michael (2019) Optogenetic assessment of VIP, PV, SOM, and NOS inhibitory neuron activity and cerebral blood flow regulation in mouse somato-sensory cortex. Undergraduate Thesis, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

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Abstract

The impact of different neuronal populations on local cerebral blood flow (CBF) regulation is not well known and insight into these relationships could enhance the interpretation of brain function and dysfunction from brain imaging data. We investigated the role of sub-types of inhibitory neurons on the regulation of CBF using optogenetics, laser Doppler flowmetry and different transgenic mouse models (parvalbumin (PV), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), somatostatin (SOM) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS)). Whisker stimulation was used to verify that typical CBF responses were obtained in all mice (average increase of 14%). Photo-stimulation of SOM-cre and NOS-cre mice produced significant increases in CBF that were similar to whisker responses. In NOS-cre mice, CBF responses scaled with the photo-stimulus pulse duration and frequency. In SOM-cre mice, CBF increases were followed by decreases. In VIP-cre mice, photo-stimulation did not consistently produce significant changes in CBF, while slower increases in CBF that peaked 14-18 seconds after stimulation onset were observed in PV-cre mice. Control experiments performed in non-expressing regions showed no changes in CBF. These findings suggest that dysfunction in NOS or SOM expressing neurons can have a significant impact on CBF responses that could be detected by brain imaging methods like fMRI.


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Details

Item Type: University of Pittsburgh ETD
Status: Unpublished
Creators/Authors:
CreatorsEmailPitt UsernameORCID
Krawchuk, Michaelmbk36@pitt.edumbk36
ETD Committee:
TitleMemberEmail AddressPitt UsernameORCID
Committee ChairVazquez, Albertoalv15@pitt.edualv15
Committee MemberHamel, Edithedith.hamel@mcgill.ca
Committee MemberRunyan, Carolinerunyan@pitt.edu
Committee MemberFukuda, Hirohiro.fukuda@pitt.edu
Date: 22 April 2019
Date Type: Publication
Defense Date: 1 April 2019
Approval Date: 22 April 2019
Submission Date: 16 April 2019
Access Restriction: No restriction; Release the ETD for access worldwide immediately.
Number of Pages: 44
Institution: University of Pittsburgh
Schools and Programs: David C. Frederick Honors College
Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences > Neuroscience
Degree: BPhil - Bachelor of Philosophy
Thesis Type: Undergraduate Thesis
Refereed: Yes
Uncontrolled Keywords: Blood flow, fMRI, Imaging, Inhibitory, Optogenetics
Date Deposited: 22 Apr 2019 16:23
Last Modified: 22 Apr 2019 16:23
URI: http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/36512

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