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The Effect of Celiac Disease on Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: A Systematic Literature Review

Herdzik, Nicole (2023) The Effect of Celiac Disease on Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: A Systematic Literature Review. Master Essay, University of Pittsburgh.

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Abstract

Celiac disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder affecting the small intestine and its ability to properly process dietary nutrients. The disease often goes undiagnosed as many symptoms are mild and can be undetected. Improper nutrient intake directly effects an unborn fetus’ ability to develop in the womb. With nearly half of all pregnancies in the United States resulting in an adverse pregnancy outcome, identifying ways to address risk factors is an important step toward improving pregnancy outcomes. The aim of this literature review is to summarize and critically evaluate existing published studies exploring the effect of celiac disease on adverse pregnancy outcomes. Fourteen studies that discussed maternal celiac disease in mothers and the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes were included in this systematic review through a series of PubMed searches. Search terms included celiac disease, adverse pregnancy outcome, preterm birth, stillbirth, low birth weight, preeclampsia, miscarriage and/or spontaneous abortion. Six of these studies found no association between the exposure and pregnancy outcomes, though lack of undiagnosed celiac disease detection and use of unvalidated inpatient data may have limited the ability of these studies to detect associations. The other eight studies found celiac disease to be associated with an increased risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Specifically, diagnosis of celiac disease after birth among mothers who likely had undiagnosed celiac disease during pregnancy was associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes; including preterm birth, low birth weight, miscarriage, stillbirth, and intrauterine growth restriction. Early diagnosis of celiac disease for expecting mothers is necessary to address the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. This literature review is of public health importance as many people with celiac disease go undiagnosed and suffer long-lasting health effects.

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Details

Item Type: Other Thesis, Dissertation, or Long Paper (Master Essay)
Status: Unpublished
Creators/Authors:
CreatorsEmailPitt UsernameORCID
Herdzik, Nicolenih76@pitt.edunih76
Contributors:
ContributionContributors NameEmailPitt UsernameORCID
Committee ChairHaggerty, Catherinehaggertyc@edc.pitt.eduhaggertycUNSPECIFIED
Committee MemberDemirci, F. Yesimfyd1@pitt.edufyd1UNSPECIFIED
Committee MemberSier, Ashleysierashley@gmail.comUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Date: 5 January 2023
Date Type: Completion
Submission Date: 15 December 2022
Access Restriction: 2 year -- Restrict access to University of Pittsburgh for a period of 2 years.
Number of Pages: 40
Institution: University of Pittsburgh
Schools and Programs: School of Public Health > Epidemiology
Degree: MPH - Master of Public Health
Thesis Type: Master Essay
Refereed: Yes
Uncontrolled Keywords: Celiac disease adverse pregnancy outcomes stillbirth, miscarriage, preterm birth
Date Deposited: 05 Jan 2023 15:30
Last Modified: 05 Jan 2023 15:30
URI: http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/44034

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