Joshi, Niva
(2023)
Meta-analysis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in Japan.
Master Essay, University of Pittsburgh.
Abstract
Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is considered to be a global health problem because of its higher prevalence and mortality rate. Multiple co-morbidities are associated with COPD including lung cancer, anemia, osteoporosis, coronary artery disease, renal dysfunction, diabetes, etc. It is a progressive disease that is particularly common among the elderly age group. Due to the growing number of aging populations worldwide, COPD cases are predicted to rise further. Objectives: The objective of our study is to calculate the age- and sex-specific COPD mortality rate and smoking rate in Japan and compared them to the US. In addition, we also aim to do a meta-analysis of COPD prevalence in Japan and compare it to the US. Methods: We extracted the COPD mortality and smoking dataset for Japan and the US from WHO (World health Organization) database and CDC (Center for Disease Control and Prevention) WONDER ( Wide-Ranging online data for Epidemiologic Research) database. For the meta-analysis, we used Distiller SR to organize and retrieve the articles. Out of 2424 articles, 37 articles were eligible for meta-analysis but only 6 studies were included in the meta-analysis due to the unavailability of the dataset from other authors. Metaprop command in Stata 16 was used to calculate age- and sex-specific COPD prevalence from included articles for meta-analysis. Results: Japan has a lower age-adjusted COPD mortality rate than the US in both sexes over the past 30 years. From the meta-analysis, we found that COPD prevalence in Japan is lower than in the US in both sexes. Conclusion: Japan and the US are both developed countries and they both have upgraded guidelines and national plans for COPD prevention and management. COPD is a preventable disease but to lower the prevalence and mortality, it is essential to navigate factors such as socio-economic conditions, genetics, nutrition, health care coverage, affordability, and accessibility of healthcare services. One major public health significance of this study is that it highlights the importance of holistic approach for COPD prevention and management.
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Details
| Item Type: |
Other Thesis, Dissertation, or Long Paper
(Master Essay)
|
| Status: |
Unpublished |
| Creators/Authors: |
|
| Contributors: |
| Contribution | Contributors Name | Email | Pitt Username | ORCID  |
|---|
| Thesis advisor | Sekikawa, Akira | akira@pitt.edu | akira | UNSPECIFIED | | Committee Member | Sciurba, Frank C. | sciurbafc@upmc.edu | UNSPECIFIED | UNSPECIFIED |
|
| Date: |
5 January 2023 |
| Date Type: |
Completion |
| Submission Date: |
4 January 2023 |
| Access Restriction: |
2 year -- Restrict access to University of Pittsburgh for a period of 2 years. |
| Number of Pages: |
71 |
| Institution: |
University of Pittsburgh |
| Schools and Programs: |
School of Public Health > Epidemiology |
| Degree: |
MPH - Master of Public Health |
| Thesis Type: |
Master Essay |
| Refereed: |
Yes |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: |
Meta-analysis COPD Japan |
| Date Deposited: |
05 Jan 2023 20:37 |
| Last Modified: |
05 Jan 2023 20:37 |
| URI: |
http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/44080 |
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