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PREDICTORS OF INJURY ASSOCIATED WITH RAPE

Crane, Patricia A. (2006) PREDICTORS OF INJURY ASSOCIATED WITH RAPE. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

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Abstract

The purpose of the study was to identify predictors of physical injury in adolescent and adult women, who have a medical history of rape. Severity of rape-related injury is linked to negative health consequences. Studying the impact of injury and the associated predictors expands the understanding of rape and the risks of long-term negative health consequences. Variables included regional setting, victim characteristics (age, ethnicity, and known or unknown perpetrator) and forensic characteristics (time from rape to examination, weapon presence, multiple perpetrators, and use of an evidence kit). Secondary analysis evaluated cross-sectional data of women (N = 3318) 13 to 89 years of age (M = 26.6; SD = 11.1) from three regions of the US: the northeast, the southern coast, and the west coast. The results of multiple logistic regression models included main and interaction effects, primarily involving setting and ethnicity variables. The forward stepwise model (chi-square [18] = 387.26, p = .001) demonstrated adequate fit based on the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit results (chi-square [7] = 5.72, p = .57), and was a slightly improved fit over the backward elimination model (chi-square [22] = 398.12, p = .001), which also had desirable Hosmer-Lemeshow chi-square results (chi-square [7] = 7.47 p = .38). The forward and backward models included ten significant interactions: Setting C by age, Setting C by examination time of >72 hours, Setting A by other ethnicity, Setting A by weapon presence, Setting A by examination time of 48-72 hours, and Setting A by multiple perpetrators, age by weapon presence, African American by examination time of 24-48 hours, African American by multiple perpetrators, other ethnicity by examination time of >72 hours, and unknown perpetrators by multiple perpetrators. Implications of this research emphasize the importance of location and ethnicity on documentation of injury and 1) can lead to refinement of data collection, 2) addresses the need for research in the acute time frame after rape, 3) informs tailored interventions, 4) links health and legal systems to improve forensic management, 5) emphasizes the need for multi-professional funding allocation for education, prevention and interventions to improve victim care.


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Details

Item Type: University of Pittsburgh ETD
Status: Unpublished
Creators/Authors:
CreatorsEmailPitt UsernameORCID
Crane, Patricia A.foren6msn@aol.com
ETD Committee:
TitleMemberEmail AddressPitt UsernameORCID
Committee ChairCohen, Susancohensu@pitt.eduCOHENSU
Committee MemberSekula, Kathleensekula@duq.edu
Committee MemberConstantino, Roserco100@pitt.eduRCO100
Committee MemberSereika, Susanssereika@pitt.eduSSEREIKA
Committee MemberPatrick, Thelmapatrickt@pitt.eduPATRICKT
Date: 24 April 2006
Date Type: Completion
Defense Date: 8 December 2005
Approval Date: 24 April 2006
Submission Date: 29 March 2006
Access Restriction: No restriction; Release the ETD for access worldwide immediately.
Institution: University of Pittsburgh
Schools and Programs: School of Nursing > Nursing
Degree: PhD - Doctor of Philosophy
Thesis Type: Doctoral Dissertation
Refereed: Yes
Uncontrolled Keywords: Forensic Nursing; Rape; Sexual Assault; Evidence; Injury
Other ID: http://etd.library.pitt.edu/ETD/available/etd-03292006-124921/, etd-03292006-124921
Date Deposited: 10 Nov 2011 19:33
Last Modified: 15 Nov 2016 13:37
URI: http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/6633

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