Ruegg, Teresa
(2014)
Otitis media in nonsyndromic orofacial cleft families.
Master's Thesis, University of Pittsburgh.
(Unpublished)
Abstract
Background: Otitis media (OM) is one of the most common infections diagnosed in young children around the world. Approximately $4.0 billion is spent annually on healthcare costs related to OM. Studies have shown OM to be highly prevalent (near 100%) in individuals with orofacial clefts (OC). OCs are the most common craniofacial birth defect in the world with approximately one in 500 to 1000 live births being affected. The medical costs for corrective surgeries alone pose a significant public health problem. These two conditions combined create a significant burden on the health, quality of life, and socioeconomic well-being of those affected and their family members.
The principal aim of this study is to investigate the frequency of OM in unaffected first-degree relatives of affected cleft individuals compared to controls, and to investigate and compare the reported rate of OM in individuals affected with different types of clefts.
Methods: The OC study of cleft lip and palate demographics and medical history questionnaire from the University of Pittsburgh 2009 was used to collect data for previous studies at 6 different study locations. Information collected via surveys was statistically analyzed using chi-squared analysis. Multiple comparisons were made between affected probands depending on cleft types, unaffected first-degree relatives, and controls.
Results: The likelihood of having chronic OM was increased in those with palatal involvement 2-fold (RR = 2.28, 95% CI = 2.02-2.57) over the cleft lip population. No statistically significant pattern was found in the siblings and parents of probands with different cleft forms. All cleft forms demonstrated a higher frequency of OM over the control population. Interestingly, the cleft lip population also demonstrated a 3-fold (OR = 3.09, 95% CI = 1.95-4.91) increased risk of OM over the control population, when previous studies provided evidence for no increase in this population. Siblings and parents failed to demonstrate statistically significant increases in OM compared to controls, and demonstrated a significantly reduced rate of OM than their affected relatives.
Conclusion: This study confirms that the NSOC population has a higher prevalence of OM than in the general population, with an increase in prevalence of OM in the CL population not described in historical research. There is no increase in prevalence of OM in the first-degree relatives of the cleft population.
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| Item Type: |
University of Pittsburgh ETD
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| Status: |
Unpublished |
| Creators/Authors: |
|
| ETD Committee: |
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| Date: |
27 June 2014 |
| Date Type: |
Publication |
| Defense Date: |
4 March 2014 |
| Approval Date: |
27 June 2014 |
| Submission Date: |
27 March 2014 |
| Access Restriction: |
No restriction; Release the ETD for access worldwide immediately. |
| Number of Pages: |
55 |
| Institution: |
University of Pittsburgh |
| Schools and Programs: |
School of Public Health > Genetic Counseling |
| Degree: |
MS - Master of Science |
| Thesis Type: |
Master's Thesis |
| Refereed: |
Yes |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: |
Otitis Media; Cleft Lip and Palate; Cleft Lip; Cleft Palate; Family Study |
| Date Deposited: |
27 Jun 2014 21:52 |
| Last Modified: |
15 Nov 2016 14:18 |
| URI: |
http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/20859 |
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