Karamchandani, Jaideep
(2014)
The evaluation of human herpesvirus 8 infection and benign prostatic hyperplasia in tobago.
Master's Thesis, University of Pittsburgh.
(Unpublished)
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a disease which carries a high public health burden as it imposes a decreased quality of life and affects an increasing proportion of men as they age. It is known that BPH represents a chronic inflammatory state. Understanding underlying factors which drive the etiology of BPH is of utmost importance. One possible causative factor which has been considered is sexually transmitted infections. An association between seroprevalence of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), a sexually transmitted infection, and increased risk of prostate cancer among a cohort of men in the island of Tobago has been reported. This study aims to further examine a potential association between HHV-8 seroprevalence and development of BPH through contribution to a chronic inflammatory state. The HHV-8 seroprevalence was determined among 168 men classified as having BPH (elevated serum prostate specific antigen levels ≥4.0ng/ml and cancer-free biopsy) and compared to 234 controls (men with normal prostates as defined by a PSA <4.0 ng/ml and a normal digital rectal exam) utilizing an enhanced immunofluorescence assay. Circulating pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were compared in a subset of both groups (120 BPH cases and 87 controls) utilizing the Meso Scale Discovery immunoassay.
A significant difference in percentage of HHV-8 seropositive individuals was observed with BPH compared to controls (p=0.000). A significant difference was also found between all abnormal inflammatory prostate conditions (BPH and prostate cancer as compared to controls (p=0.000). Significant differences were observed in mean levels of a majority of serum cytokines examined between individuals in BPH case and control groups (p<0.05). Comparison of BPH and control groups stratified by infection demonstrated significant differences in mean serum levels of a majority of pro-inflammatory cytokines which were examined. This study was the first of its kind to demonstrate a potential association between HHV-8 and BPH, and provided preliminary evidence to support increased pro-inflammatory response to BPH disease and HHV- 8 viral infection. Further studies are needed to strengthen this association and provide further evidence of an inflammatory cytokine response.
Statement of Public Health Relevance: BPH is a disease which affects a significant proportion of the men with an estimated prevalence of 90% by the age of 70. This high prevalence places a significant burden on the healthcare system, driving up health care costs. Additionally, this disease can lead to loss of quality of life. Understanding underlying risk factors including infectious co-factors including those of infective origin will allow healthcare professionals take necessary interventions to reduce incidence and ultimately public health burden.
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Details
| Item Type: |
University of Pittsburgh ETD
|
| Status: |
Unpublished |
| Creators/Authors: |
| Creators | Email | Pitt Username | ORCID  |
|---|
| Karamchandani, Jaideep | jmk188@pitt.edu | JMK188 | |
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| ETD Committee: |
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| Date: |
29 September 2014 |
| Date Type: |
Publication |
| Defense Date: |
4 August 2014 |
| Approval Date: |
29 September 2014 |
| Submission Date: |
21 July 2014 |
| Access Restriction: |
No restriction; Release the ETD for access worldwide immediately. |
| Number of Pages: |
62 |
| Institution: |
University of Pittsburgh |
| Schools and Programs: |
School of Public Health > Infectious Diseases and Microbiology |
| Degree: |
MS - Master of Science |
| Thesis Type: |
Master's Thesis |
| Refereed: |
Yes |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: |
Prostate, Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, BPH, Tobago, Human Herpesvirus 8, HHV-8 |
| Date Deposited: |
29 Sep 2014 20:49 |
| Last Modified: |
15 Nov 2016 14:23 |
| URI: |
http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/22653 |
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