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Lung cancer screening: from imaging to biomarker.

Xiang, Dong and Zhang, Bicheng and Doll, Donald and Shen, Kui and Kloecker, Goetz and Freter, Carl (2012) Lung cancer screening: from imaging to biomarker. Biomark Res, 1 (1). 4 - ?. ISSN 2050-7771

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Abstract

Despite several decades of intensive effort to improve the imaging techniques for lung cancer diagnosis and treatment, primary lung cancer is still the number one cause of cancer death in the United States and worldwide. The major causes of this high mortality rate are distant metastasis evident at diagnosis and ineffective treatment for locally advanced disease. Indeed, approximately forty percent of newly diagnosed lung cancer patients have distant metastasis. Currently, the only potential curative therapy is surgical resection of early stage lung cancer. Therefore, early detection of lung cancer could potentially increase the chance of cure by surgery and underlines the importance of screening and detection of lung cancer. In the past fifty years, screening of lung cancer by chest X-Ray (CXR), sputum cytology, computed tomography (CT), fluorescence endoscopy and low-dose spiral CT (LDCT) has not improved survival except for the recent report in 2010 by the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST), which showed a 20 percent mortality reduction in high risk participants screened with LDCT compared to those screened with CXRs. Furthermore, serum biomarkers for detection of lung cancer using free circulating DNA and RNA, exosomal microRNA, circulating tumor cells and various lung cancer specific antigens have been studied extensively and novel screening methods are being developed with encouraging results. The history of lung cancer screening trials using CXR, sputum cytology and LDCT, as well as results of trials involving various serum biomarkers, are reviewed herein.


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Details

Item Type: Article
Status: Published
Creators/Authors:
CreatorsEmailPitt UsernameORCID
Xiang, Dong
Zhang, Bicheng
Doll, Donald
Shen, Kui
Kloecker, Goetz
Freter, Carl
Centers: Other Centers, Institutes, Offices, or Units > Magee-Women's Research Institute
Date: 27 September 2012
Date Type: Acceptance
Journal or Publication Title: Biomark Res
Volume: 1
Number: 1
Page Range: 4 - ?
DOI or Unique Handle: 10.1186/2050-7771-1-4
Refereed: Yes
ISSN: 2050-7771
Date Deposited: 06 Oct 2016 18:02
Last Modified: 20 Dec 2018 00:55
URI: http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/29775

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