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Circulating herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1)-specific CD8+ T cells do not access HSV-1 latently infected trigeminal ganglia.

Himmelein, Susanne and St Leger, Anthony J and Knickelbein, Jared E and Rowe, Alexander and Freeman, Michael L and Hendricks, Robert L (2011) Circulating herpes simplex type 1 (HSV-1)-specific CD8+ T cells do not access HSV-1 latently infected trigeminal ganglia. Herpesviridae, 2 (1). 5 - ?.

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Therapeutic vaccines can be designed to enhance existing T cell memory populations for increased protection against re-infection. In the case of herpes simplex virus type 1, recurrent disease results from reactivation of latent virus in sensory ganglia, which is controlled in part by a ganglia-resident HSV-specific memory CD8+ T cell population. Thus, an important goal of a therapeutic HSV-1 vaccine would be to enhance this population. METHODS: HSV-1-infected mice were treated with TAK-779 to block CCR5- and CXCR3-mediated CD8+ T cell migration during both acute and latent infections. Additionally, HSV-1-specific CD8+ T cells were transferred into HSV-1 latently infected mice to mimic the effect of a therapeutic vaccine, and their migration into trigeminal ganglia (TG) was traced during steady-state latency, or during recovery of the TG-resident memory CD8+ T cell population following stress-, and corticosterone-induced depletion and HSV-1 reactivation from latency. Bromodeoxy uridine (BrdU) incorporation measured cell proliferation in vivo. RESULTS: TAK-779 treatment during acute HSV-1 infection reduced the number of infiltrating CD8+ T cells but did not alter the number of viral genome copies. TAK-779 treatment during HSV latency did not affect the size of the TG-resident memory CD8+ T cell population. Transferred HSV-specific CD8+ T cells failed to access latently infected TG during steady-state latency, or during recovery of the TG resident HSV-specific CD8+ T cell population following exposure of latently infected mice to stress and corticosterone. Recovery of the HSV-specific CD8+ T cell population after stress and corticosterone treatment occurred with homeostatic levels of cell division and did not require CD4+ T cell help. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings are consistent with the notion that the CD8+ T cells in latently infected TG are a tissue-resident memory (Trm) population that is maintained without replenishment from the periphery, and that when this population is disrupted, it recovers without proliferation or detectable recruitment of HSV-specific CD8+ T cells from the blood. The compartmentalization of the HSV-specific CD8+ memory T cell population in latently infected TG will complicate the design of therapeutic vaccines.


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Details

Item Type: Article
Status: Published
Creators/Authors:
CreatorsEmailPitt UsernameORCID
Himmelein, Susanne
St Leger, Anthony JAnthony.stleger@pitt.eduAJS3440000-0002-2547-200X
Knickelbein, Jared E
Rowe, Alexanderalr124@pitt.eduALR124
Freeman, Michael L
Hendricks, Robert Lrlh13@pitt.eduRLH13
Date: 15 March 2011
Date Type: Acceptance
Journal or Publication Title: Herpesviridae
Volume: 2
Number: 1
Page Range: 5 - ?
DOI or Unique Handle: 10.1186/2042-4280-2-5
Schools and Programs: School of Medicine > Immunology
School of Medicine > Microbiology and Molecular Genetics
School of Medicine > Ophthalmology
Refereed: Yes
Date Deposited: 31 Oct 2016 16:03
Last Modified: 30 Oct 2018 12:59
URI: http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/30084

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