STATIC STANDING BALANCE AND STRENGTH MEASUREMENTS BEFORE AND AFTER TWO DIFFERENT GROUP EXERCISE INTERVENTIONS IN INDEPENDENT LIVING OLDER ADULTSALQAHTANI, BADER (2017) STATIC STANDING BALANCE AND STRENGTH MEASUREMENTS BEFORE AND AFTER TWO DIFFERENT GROUP EXERCISE INTERVENTIONS IN INDEPENDENT LIVING OLDER ADULTS. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)
AbstractPurpose: The aims of this dissertation were to examine, in older adults: 1) the test-retest reliability of static standing balance performance using an accelerometer and lower extremity strength performance using a uniaxial load cell device; 2) the validity of balance and strength measurements at baseline with different mobility measurements; and 3) the effect of two different exercise programs on standing balance and lower extremity muscle strength. Participants: Thirty-eight participants were enrolled in the reliability testing (89% female, mean age 76 ± 7 years), and a total of 131 subjects (85% female, mean age 80 ± 8 years) were enrolled in the experimental study. Methods: For the balance assessment, an accelerometer was used to collect acceleration data in the anterior-posterior and medial-lateral directions for different standing balance conditions. In addition, lower extremity muscle strength measurements were assessed with a portable load cell for three consecutive trials. Clinical measures of mobility were concurrently tested. Test-retest reliability was assessed over two testing visits occurring one week apart, using the intraclass correlation coefficient. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used to test convergent validity at baseline for the whole sample. A linear mixed model was used to examine the effect of the “On the Move” and standard of care group exercise programs on standing balance and lower extremity muscle strength. Results: Both balance and muscle strength performance showed good to excellent test-retest reliability using the accelerometer and uniaxial load cell device, respectively. The balance and measures were most strongly correlated with the Short Physical Performance Battery, and the strength measures with the repeated chair stands test. Both exercise interventions resulted in a significant change in both balance accelerometry measures and lower extremity muscle strength when compared to a waitlist control group, but did not differ from each other. Conclusion: The dual-axis accelerometer and uniaxial-load cell provide a reliable method for testing standing balance and lower extremity muscle strength, respectively in older adults living independently in the community. Participation in either group exercise intervention would result in improvement in both standing balance and lower extremity strength as compared to not receiving any exercise. Share
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