Perdomo, Sophy
(2017)
ACUTE DOSE RESPONSE EFFECTS OF AEROBIC EXERCISE ON CEREBROVASCULAR HEMODYNAMICS AND ARTERIAL STIFFNESS.
Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh.
(Unpublished)
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that aerobic exercise benefits cerebrovascular hemodynamics and arterial stiffness. Few studies have evaluated acute effects of aerobic exercise on cerebral blood flow and even fewer on cerebral pulsatile flow. Furthermore, it has been proposed that cerebral blood flow is more pulsatile with higher arterial stiffness, though little is known about this relationship, particularly in response to exercise. PURPOSE: To evaluate acute effects of aerobic exercise on cerebrovascular hemodynamics and arterial stiffness. METHODS: Fifteen middle-aged adults were recruited for this randomized crossover study comprised of three experimental visits: 30 minutes of sitting (SIT), 20 minutes of sitting followed by a 10-minute exercise bout (EX10), and a 30-minute exercise bout (EX30). Cerebrovascular hemodynamics and arterial stiffness were measured before the experimental session and at 30- and 60-minute post-session. Cerebrovascular hemodynamics were measured using Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography at the middle cerebral artery (MCA). Arterial stiffness was measured by pulse wave velocity (cfPWV and crPWV) and pulse pressure. RESULTS: Pulsatility index was marginally higher in EX30 versus SIT (4.7%, P=0.08) at the 30-minute post-session assessment. Cerebrovascular blood flow velocity was not different across conditions (P>0.10). Pulse pressure was lower in EX10 (β =-2.79 mmHg, P=0.01) and in EX30 (β=-3.85 mmHg, P=0.001) versus SIT at the 60-minute post-session assessment. Neither cfPWV nor crPWV were different from SIT following EX30 (P>0.05). However, compared to SIT, cfPWV was higher in EX10 at the 30-minute post-session assessment (β =0.30 m/s, P=0.02) and crPWV was lower in EX10 at the 60-minute post-session assessment (β =-0.88 m/s, P=0.004). Neither changes in cfPWV nor crPWV were associated with changes in cerebral pulsatile flow (P>0.05). Higher pulse pressure was associated with higher cerebral pulsatile flow (β =0.004, P=0.02) at the 30- but not the 60-minute post-session assessment. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our results, aerobic exercise does not improve cerebrovascular hemodynamics in the MCA within an hour of aerobic exercise. Future research should include more frequent and longer post-exercise observation periods, different cerebral regions and vessels, and relationships with arterial stiffness. Additionally, our results suggest 10- and 30-minute exercise bouts have differential effects on PWV which also warrants further research.
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Details
| Item Type: |
University of Pittsburgh ETD
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| Status: |
Unpublished |
| Creators/Authors: |
|
| ETD Committee: |
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| Date: |
28 September 2017 |
| Date Type: |
Publication |
| Defense Date: |
17 July 2017 |
| Approval Date: |
28 September 2017 |
| Submission Date: |
17 August 2017 |
| Access Restriction: |
No restriction; Release the ETD for access worldwide immediately. |
| Number of Pages: |
147 |
| Institution: |
University of Pittsburgh |
| Schools and Programs: |
School of Education > Health and Physical Activity |
| Degree: |
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy |
| Thesis Type: |
Doctoral Dissertation |
| Refereed: |
Yes |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: |
Cerebrovascular hemodynamics, aerobic exercise, middle-aged adults, arterial stiffness, transcranial Doppler, cross-over study |
| Date Deposited: |
28 Sep 2017 20:13 |
| Last Modified: |
28 Sep 2017 20:13 |
| URI: |
http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/33082 |
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