Yang, Chenxin
(2019)
Personalized medicine: application to a breast cancer study.
Master's Thesis, University of Pittsburgh.
(Unpublished)
Abstract
In randomized clinical trials, investigators compare the clinical outcomes among treatment arms and make claims on the effectiveness of experimental treatments versus the standard ones. Recent developments in biotechnology and associated biomarkers have led to advances in evaluating heterogeneous patient response and the relationship between treatment responses and certain biomarkers. Precision medicine, therefore, is becoming very popular in the healthcare industry. It is of great public health significance that proper implementation of precision medicine leads to informed and efficient decision making and patient management in clinical practice. Traditionally discovery of a predictive marker of treatment benefit is performed via a test of the interaction term between treatment and the marker of interest in a regression model that predicts the clinical outcome of interest. Recently a new paradigm has been proposed by redefining the search for predictive markers, as the search for an optimal individualized treatment rule (ITR) on treatment selection. Here we describe this new approach and apply those methods to a breast cancer study to identify clinical and genomic markers that are predictive of treatment benefit. The R package “personalized” was used in the implementation. Application of some of these methods does identify optimal ITRs that lead to improved outcomes based on the empirical estimates. However, validation via random splitting of training and testing datasets suggested that the findings may be resulted from over-fitting. These ITR-based methods provide a powerful tool for us to identify predictive markers for treatment response, but caution should be taken especially with high-dimensional marker data.
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Details
| Item Type: |
University of Pittsburgh ETD
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| Status: |
Unpublished |
| Creators/Authors: |
|
| ETD Committee: |
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| Date: |
25 June 2019 |
| Date Type: |
Publication |
| Defense Date: |
15 April 2019 |
| Approval Date: |
25 June 2019 |
| Submission Date: |
3 April 2019 |
| Access Restriction: |
2 year -- Restrict access to University of Pittsburgh for a period of 2 years. |
| Number of Pages: |
61 |
| Institution: |
University of Pittsburgh |
| Schools and Programs: |
School of Public Health > Biostatistics |
| Degree: |
MS - Master of Science |
| Thesis Type: |
Master's Thesis |
| Refereed: |
Yes |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: |
Individualized Treatment Rules (ITR), Breast Cancer, Trastuzumab, Lapatinib, Treatment effects |
| Date Deposited: |
25 Jun 2019 18:18 |
| Last Modified: |
01 May 2021 05:15 |
| URI: |
http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/36236 |
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