Buettner, Kyle
(2021)
A Case Study in Practical Neuromorphic Computing: Heartbeat Classification on the Loihi Neuromorphic Processor.
Master's Thesis, University of Pittsburgh.
(Unpublished)
Abstract
One potential method of efficiently deploying deep neural networks is with neuromorphic computing, a paradigm of processing that emulates the energy-efficient spiking neural networks (SNNs) of the human brain. This research evaluates artificial-to-spiking neural network (ANN-to-SNN) conversion as a practical methodology to perform energy-efficient heartbeat classification on the state-of-the-art Intel Loihi neuromorphic processor. In particular, a spiking 1D-convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) model is designed through ANN-to-SNN conversion with SNN-Toolbox to identify arrhythmias on Loihi. Insights into the conversion process are gained through experimentation with accuracy-latency tradeoffs, neuron reset mechanisms, and weight and bias values. These insights enable the spiking 1D-CNN to be optimized for low latency and high accuracy on Loihi, and then compared to an architecturally identical artificial neural network (ANN) on Intel Core i7 CPU, Intel Neural Compute Stick 2, and Google Coral Edge TPU devices in terms of accuracy, latency, and energy performance. Across five classes, the spiking 1D-CNN is found to reach an accuracy and macro-averaged F1 score of 97.8% and 87.9%, respectively, compared to 98.4% and 90.8% for the ANN. Additionally, with the lowest dynamic power across devices, Loihi is estimated to provide a 28 times lower energy-delay product for the model versus the CPU baseline. However, with the highest latency across devices, Loihi is also estimated to result in a 1.5 times and 110 times higher energy-delay product versus the Intel Neural Compute Stick 2 and Google Coral Edge TPU, respectively. This higher latency is determined to result from x86 core-to-host I/O and x86 core-based management bottlenecks. From these findings, insights are provided regarding future directions for practical neuromorphic computing.
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Details
| Item Type: |
University of Pittsburgh ETD
|
| Status: |
Unpublished |
| Creators/Authors: |
|
| ETD Committee: |
|
| Date: |
13 June 2021 |
| Date Type: |
Publication |
| Defense Date: |
29 March 2021 |
| Approval Date: |
13 June 2021 |
| Submission Date: |
19 March 2021 |
| Access Restriction: |
1 year -- Restrict access to University of Pittsburgh for a period of 1 year. |
| Number of Pages: |
52 |
| Institution: |
University of Pittsburgh |
| Schools and Programs: |
Swanson School of Engineering > Electrical and Computer Engineering |
| Degree: |
MS - Master of Science |
| Thesis Type: |
Master's Thesis |
| Refereed: |
Yes |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: |
Heartbeat Classification,
Neural Network Hardware,
Neuromorphic Computing,
Performance Analysis,
Spiking Neural Networks |
| Date Deposited: |
13 Jun 2021 18:28 |
| Last Modified: |
14 Dec 2021 21:42 |
| URI: |
http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/40401 |
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