Shao, Wenting
(2021)
Protein Detection using Semiconducting Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Based Field-Effect Transistors.
Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh.
(Unpublished)
Abstract
Proteins are large biomolecules that play many critical roles in living organisms, and some proteins, the presence or level of which can be directly correlated with disease status, are extremely important for disease diagnosis and monitoring. Therefore, recent years have seen a rapid expansion of the field of disease relevant protein detection as it is key to the development of rapid diagnostics tools and healthcare monitoring devices. Common techniques for protein detection include immunoassays, mass spectrometry, and biosensors. Immunoassay-based techniques have shown advantages such as low cost and easy mass-production but suffer from low sensitivity. Mass spectrometry, although having high speed and sensitivity, necessitates large and expensive instruments therefore is not easily accessible. Biosensors have attracted much attention in the field of protein detection owing to the high sensitivity, rapid responsiveness, versatility, and miniaturability biosensors provide. In particular, field-effect transistor (FET)-based biosensing devices have demonstrated great potential for the application of point-of-care diagnostics as they offer an excellent platform for rapid, label-free and real-time detection of proteins.
Carbon nanotubes are an ideal sensing material for electrochemical biosensors, with their nanoscale dimensions enabling the sensitive probing of biomolecular interactions. Recently, high-purity semiconducting (sc-) single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have emerged as a promising material for high-performance biosensing devices. At the same time, the successful functionalization of sc-SWCNTs with the specific biorecognition element, together with a complete characterization of the sc-SWCNT FET device are crucial for achieving high specificity toward the target analyte.
In this dissertation, high-purity semiconducting SWCNTs, with different chemical functionalization, have been utilized to develop FET-based biosensors for protein detection. Sc-SWCNTs were first decorated with gold nanoparticles and employed in investigating the Ca2+-induced conformational change of calmodulin – a vital process in calcium signal transduction in the human body. The sc-SWCNT FET devices were then incorporated in a three-step strategy to develop a sensing platform for the detection of β2-transferrin in body fluids as a potential diagnostic tool for cerebrospinal fluid leak. Finally, sc-SWCNT-based FET biosensors were functionalized with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies to detect SARS-CoV-2 antigens in nasopharyngeal swab samples.
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Details
| Item Type: |
University of Pittsburgh ETD
|
| Status: |
Unpublished |
| Creators/Authors: |
|
| ETD Committee: |
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| Date: |
10 May 2021 |
| Date Type: |
Publication |
| Defense Date: |
6 April 2021 |
| Approval Date: |
10 May 2021 |
| Submission Date: |
7 April 2021 |
| Access Restriction: |
1 year -- Restrict access to University of Pittsburgh for a period of 1 year. |
| Number of Pages: |
131 |
| Institution: |
University of Pittsburgh |
| Schools and Programs: |
Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences > Chemistry |
| Degree: |
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy |
| Thesis Type: |
Doctoral Dissertation |
| Refereed: |
Yes |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: |
Single-walled cabon nantoube; Protein Detection; Semiconducting materials; Field-effect transistors; biosensors; Transferrin; Calmodulin; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 |
| Date Deposited: |
10 May 2022 05:00 |
| Last Modified: |
10 May 2022 05:15 |
| URI: |
http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/40438 |
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