Kinzler, Amy
(2021)
Human Adenovirus in Children with Acute Gastroenteritis in the New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN).
Master's Thesis, University of Pittsburgh.
(Unpublished)
Abstract
Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is a leading global cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality. Human adenoviruses (HAdV) are a cause, but the burden is not fully defined. We sought to determine the prevalence and clinical features of HAdV F40/41 in pediatric patients at seven U.S. children’s hospitals. We enrolled children with AGE or age-matched healthy controls between 12/5/2016-11/30/2017 in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN). Seven NVSN sites enrolled a total of 4,831 subjects between inpatient, ED, and healthy controls. Demographic and clinical data and stool samples were prospectively collected. Stool samples were tested for HAdV using multiplex PCR. HAdV-positive samples from Pittsburgh and Kansas City sites were sequenced for genotyping. A total of 1,980 subjects were included in the study. In the ED and inpatient settings, 108 (16.7%) and 77 (10%) patients tested positive for HAdV, respectively, while only 19 (3.4%) healthy control patients tested positive. Among all subjects with AGE, the overall average age was 2.1 years old (SD ± 3.1y), but inpatients were older (3 + 4.1 years) compared to healthy controls (1.6 ± 2.3y) and ED patients (1.2 ± 1.7y). The most common symptoms of HAdV in both inpatient and ED settings were fever, diarrhea, and vomiting. HAdV+ children experienced significantly more diarrhea than HAdV- children in both inpatient and ED. Six genotypes were detected: B3 (2/120), C1 (5/120), C2 (2/120), C5 (1/120), F40 (4/120) with majority F41 (106/120). There was no difference in genotypes by site or clinical setting. HAdVs are a leading cause of AGE in young children, often resulting in hospitalization. The majority of cases were type F41, which has implications for vaccine development.
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Details
| Item Type: |
University of Pittsburgh ETD
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| Status: |
Unpublished |
| Creators/Authors: |
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| ETD Committee: |
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| Date: |
12 May 2021 |
| Date Type: |
Publication |
| Defense Date: |
21 April 2021 |
| Approval Date: |
12 May 2021 |
| Submission Date: |
29 April 2021 |
| Access Restriction: |
1 year -- Restrict access to University of Pittsburgh for a period of 1 year. |
| Number of Pages: |
32 |
| Institution: |
University of Pittsburgh |
| Schools and Programs: |
School of Public Health > Infectious Diseases and Microbiology |
| Degree: |
MS - Master of Science |
| Thesis Type: |
Master's Thesis |
| Refereed: |
Yes |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: |
N/A |
| Date Deposited: |
13 May 2021 02:37 |
| Last Modified: |
12 May 2022 05:15 |
| URI: |
http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/40945 |
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