XUE, DIYANG
(2023)
Investigation of a Data and Knowledge Driven System for Sequential Diagnosis.
Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh.
(Unpublished)
Abstract
Medical diagnosis is the process of determining the nature of a disease and distinguishing it from other similar diseases. A diagnostic error happens when a diagnosis is missed, inappropriately delayed, or inaccurate. Diagnostic error accounts for the most severe patient harm, the largest fraction of claims, and highest total penalty payouts. One way to reduce diagnostic error is to use a computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) system to augment doctors’ diagnostic abilities. More and more machine learning algorithms have been applied to the medical diagnosis field and achieve good performance. However, because most of the models are very complicated and the diagnostic process is different from physicians' workflow, physicians usually do not trust those models.
My dissertation investigates how to combine electronic health record (EHR) data with medical knowledge to generate a sequential diagnostic system that utilizes clinical alignment, which is when the diagnostic process is in line with physicians' diagnostic process. The new system has two main characteristics: (1) data-driven so that we can use EHR data and machine learning algorithms for developing a multi-label classification system; (2) clinical knowledge-driven so that valuable clinical diagnostic knowledge can be integrated into the system.
I have developed (1) a framework that can integrate pre-defined medical knowledge with disease patterns in EHR data for sequential diagnosis and (2) an algorithm that generates medical diagnostic trees that recommend diagnostic actions by considering clinical workflow, diagnostic accuracy, and misdiagnosis costs. Experiments show that the learned model has better clinical alignment, higher diagnostic accuracy, and lower misdiagnosis costs than baseline models, which were developed using a traditional multi-label classification tree algorithm (ML-C4.5) and a deep reinforcement learning algorithm (deep Q learning), respectively.
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Details
| Item Type: |
University of Pittsburgh ETD
|
| Status: |
Unpublished |
| Creators/Authors: |
|
| ETD Committee: |
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| Date: |
10 January 2023 |
| Date Type: |
Publication |
| Defense Date: |
14 November 2022 |
| Approval Date: |
10 January 2023 |
| Submission Date: |
30 November 2022 |
| Access Restriction: |
No restriction; Release the ETD for access worldwide immediately. |
| Number of Pages: |
181 |
| Institution: |
University of Pittsburgh |
| Schools and Programs: |
School of Computing and Information > Intelligent Systems Program |
| Degree: |
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy |
| Thesis Type: |
Doctoral Dissertation |
| Refereed: |
Yes |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: |
sequential diagnosis, classification tree, reinforcement learning, domain knowledge, electronic health records |
| Date Deposited: |
10 Jan 2023 16:16 |
| Last Modified: |
10 Jan 2023 16:16 |
| URI: |
http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/43919 |
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