Patel, Varun Jay
(2024)
Sex-Specific Differences in Adipokine Responses following Acute Resistance Exercise.
Master's Thesis, University of Pittsburgh.
(Unpublished)
Abstract
Bone and muscle are known to have secretory properties that can influence the body through a variety of mechanisms. More recently, adipose tissue has been identified to play a role in bone and muscle metabolism, particularly in response to exercise. Thus, exploring the relationships among biomarkers of muscle, bone, and adipose tissue following exercise can provide insights into potential crosstalk among tissues. PURPOSE: To investigate sex-differences in the effect of acute resistance exercise on concentrations of adipokines, myokines, and osteokines, and associations among biomarkers of tissue crosstalk. METHODS: 37 participants, 22 males and 15 females, participated in an acute resistance exercise test (ARET) comprised of a 6 x 10-rep 75% 1-RM squat. Blood samples were collected via venipuncture at rest (PRE) and immediately following completion of the ARET (PWO), and serum samples were analyzed for concentrations of irisin, sclerostin, leptin, total adiponectin, and HMW adiponectin using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Body composition data, including lean mass, fat mass, and bone mineral content, were collected using total body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans. 2x2 (sex*time) repeated measures ANOVAs were conducted to assess sex-differences in absolute changes in biomarker concentrations prior to and following exercise. ANCOVAs with body composition compartments as covariates were performed, along with Spearman correlations to test associations among muscle-bone-adipose crosstalk biomarkers. RESULTS: Analyses of biomarker concentrations before and following exercise revealed increases in irisin, sclerostin, total adiponectin, and HMW adiponectin, and decreases in leptin. More notably, these changes differed between sexes for irisin, HMW adiponectin, and leptin, highlighting the possibility of sex-specific responses to resistance exercise. Most changes are no longer significant after adjusting for various body composition metrics, though HMW adiponectin remained significant. In relation to muscle-bone-adipose crosstalk, only correlations among absolute changes in adipokines were significant, though when assuming normality, irisin and sclerostin changes were also correlated with adipokine changes. CONCLUSION: The results of this investigation provide new evidence on sex-specific changes in bone-related biomarkers to acute resistance exercise. Further exploration into the body composition metrics and metabolic and reproductive hormones that influence adipokines can continue to elucidate how adipokines influence muscle-bone-adipose crosstalk in acute exercise settings.
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Details
| Item Type: |
University of Pittsburgh ETD
|
| Status: |
Unpublished |
| Creators/Authors: |
|
| ETD Committee: |
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| Date: |
6 June 2024 |
| Date Type: |
Publication |
| Defense Date: |
19 March 2024 |
| Approval Date: |
6 June 2024 |
| Submission Date: |
4 April 2024 |
| Access Restriction: |
2 year -- Restrict access to University of Pittsburgh for a period of 2 years. |
| Number of Pages: |
55 |
| Institution: |
University of Pittsburgh |
| Schools and Programs: |
School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences > Sports Medicine and Nutrition |
| Degree: |
MS - Master of Science |
| Thesis Type: |
Master's Thesis |
| Refereed: |
Yes |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: |
Whether changes in fat-secreted factors differ between sexes following resistance exercise |
| Date Deposited: |
06 Jun 2024 13:59 |
| Last Modified: |
06 Jun 2024 13:59 |
| URI: |
http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/46024 |
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