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Neural mechanisms underlying explicit evaluation of one's own and others' emotions: Understanding the role of empathic processing

Lee, Kyung Hwa (2011) Neural mechanisms underlying explicit evaluation of one's own and others' emotions: Understanding the role of empathic processing. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh. (Unpublished)

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Abstract

This study examined the effects of empathy on common and distinct mechanisms underlying evaluation of one¡¯s own emotions (self: How do I feel?) and others¡¯ emotions (others: How do others feel?) by manipulating whether a target person was perceived as a good person (concordant condition: likely to provoke empathy) or a bad person (discordant condition: ideally, less likely to provoke empathy). In addition, this study explored whether findings from simple conditions are generalized to complex, ecological conditions by conducting two fMRI experiments: one with a relatively simple condition (e.g., faces: fMRI Experiment I) and another with a complex condition (e.g., video clips: fMRI Experiment II). The manipulation of person-valence (good/bad) was effective in creating the concordant and discordant conditions. Emotional ratings of self and others increased (became more negative) when something bad happened to the good person. In contrast, emotional ratings of self decreased, but emotional ratings of others increased when something bad happened to the bad person. fMRI Experiment I demonstrated that broad common networks including the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) were commonly involved in self and others irrespective of different person conditions. In contrast, some common regions involved in cognitive effort were uniquely identified in the bad person condition. No modulation by person-valence (good/bad) was found in self-distinct regions including the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) and insula and other-distinct regions including the posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS). However, modulation by person-valence was reported in some regions including the medial PFC (MPFC), which is possibly involved in regulation of undesired emotional responses to the bad person. These results provided new insights about brain mechanisms associated with explicit emotional processing when people do not empathize with other people. fMRI Experiment II partially replicated findings from fMRI Experiment I. The insula and pSTS were involved in self and others, respectively. Overall, this study highlighted the important role of empathic confounds in understanding the common and distinct mechanisms associated with evaluation of one¡¯s own and others¡¯ emotions and the involvement of similar distinct mechanisms associated with evaluation of one¡¯s own and others¡¯ emotions in complex, ecological social contexts.


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Details

Item Type: University of Pittsburgh ETD
Status: Unpublished
Creators/Authors:
CreatorsEmailPitt UsernameORCID
Lee, Kyung Hwakhl3@pitt.eduKHL3
ETD Committee:
TitleMemberEmail AddressPitt UsernameORCID
Committee ChairSiegle, Greggsiegle@pitt.eduGSIEGLE
Committee MemberFiez, Juliefiez@pitt.eduFIEZ
Committee MemberPelphrey, Kevinkevin.pelphrey@yale.edu
Committee MemberDahl, Ronaldrondahl@berkeley.edu
Committee MemberSchneider, Walterwws@pitt.eduWWS
Date: 29 September 2011
Date Type: Completion
Defense Date: 23 May 2011
Approval Date: 29 September 2011
Submission Date: 29 July 2011
Access Restriction: No restriction; Release the ETD for access worldwide immediately.
Institution: University of Pittsburgh
Schools and Programs: Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences > Psychology
Degree: PhD - Doctor of Philosophy
Thesis Type: Doctoral Dissertation
Refereed: Yes
Uncontrolled Keywords: Emotion; fMRI; Self; Social; Empathy; Explicit evaluation
Other ID: http://etd.library.pitt.edu/ETD/available/etd-07292011-114842/, etd-07292011-114842
Date Deposited: 10 Nov 2011 19:55
Last Modified: 15 Nov 2016 13:47
URI: http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/8725

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