Jang, Jooyoung
(2013)
UNPACKING COGNITIVE BENEFITS OF DISTRIBUTED COMPLEX VISUAL DISPLAYS FOR EXPERT AND NOVICE SCIENTISTS.
Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pittsburgh.
(Unpublished)
This is the latest version of this item.
Abstract
The current research focuses on the advantages and disadvantages of two common types of spatially different organizations of information (i.e., spatially stacked vs. distributed) and their impact on science problem solving. The research is based on the premise that we must better understand the spatial organization of information from the perspective of cognitive performance and expertise theories to further our theoretical understanding and provide a practical guide for using and developing effective information visualizations. A new theoretical decomposition and matched analytic technique using eye-tracking is introduced, and is used to tease apart interactions with expertise. Seventy novice scientists and 38 experts participated in the study. They solved a data interpretation problem using either a distributed or a stacked display. Overall, novices took longer to solve the problem when they work with a distributed display than with a stacked display, and eye-tracking data suggests the effect is due to information overload and data management time. By contrast, experts showed a reverse trend (i.e., faster problem solving with distributed displays), being better able to manage complex information. As for the underlying mechanism, three factors (i.e., information internalization, information access, and information externalization costs) were examined and found critical to explain the effect. Both groups showed trade offs among the three factors as an adaptive behavior for effectively balancing the information access costs.
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Details
| Item Type: |
University of Pittsburgh ETD
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| Status: |
Unpublished |
| Creators/Authors: |
|
| ETD Committee: |
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| Date: |
30 June 2013 |
| Date Type: |
Publication |
| Defense Date: |
11 March 2013 |
| Approval Date: |
30 June 2013 |
| Submission Date: |
1 April 2013 |
| Access Restriction: |
No restriction; Release the ETD for access worldwide immediately. |
| Number of Pages: |
138 |
| Institution: |
University of Pittsburgh |
| Schools and Programs: |
Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences > Psychology |
| Degree: |
PhD - Doctor of Philosophy |
| Thesis Type: |
Doctoral Dissertation |
| Refereed: |
Yes |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: |
Information Display, Information Access Cost, Cognitive Load Theory, Proximity Compatibility Theory, Expertise Reversal Effect |
| Date Deposited: |
30 Jun 2013 22:45 |
| Last Modified: |
15 Nov 2016 14:11 |
| URI: |
http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/18206 |
Available Versions of this Item
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UNPACKING COGNITIVE BENEFITS OF DISTRIBUTED COMPLEX VISUAL DISPLAYS FOR EXPERT AND NOVICE SCIENTISTS. (deposited 30 Jun 2013 22:45)
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